首页
登录
职称英语
1 Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semipermanent change of residen
1 Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semipermanent change of residen
游客
2023-11-22
31
管理
问题
1 Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semipermanent change of residence." This broad definition, of course, would include a move across the street or across a city. Our concern is with movement between nations, not with internal migration within nations, although such movements often exceed international movements in volume. Today, the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of international migrants.
2 Students of human migration speak of "push" and "pull" factors, which influence an individual’s decision to move from one place to another. Push factors are associated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficult in finding a suitable job, or as traumatic as war, or severe famine. Obviously, refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors (although pull factors do influence their choice of destination).
3 Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. Most often these are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm. The latter was an important factor in attracting settlers to the United States during the 19th century. In general, pull factors add up to an apparently better chance for a good life and material well- being than is offered by the place of origin. When there is a choice between several attractive potential destinations, the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in. Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow.
4 Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call "intervening obstacles". Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the trouble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival.
5 The decision to move is also influenced by "personal factors"of the potential migrant. The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people, sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives, or just because of their varying abilities and personalities. The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and appallingly difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another.
6 Regardless of why people move, migration of large numbers of people causes conflict. The United States and other western countries have experienced adjustment problems with each new wave of immigrants. The newest arrivals are usually given the lowest-paid jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs. It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country. [br] People’s decisions to migrate might be influenced by all the following EXCEPT______.
选项
A、personalities.
B、education.
C、marital status.
D、abilities.
答案
B
解析
此题为细节归纳题。据第5段第2句可排除A、D。据第5段第3句可排除C。文中没有谈到与B相关的信息,故确定B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3210199.html
相关试题推荐
TheConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)isameasureoftheaveragechangeovertime
TheConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)isameasureoftheaveragechangeovertime
TheConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)isameasureoftheaveragechangeovertime
TheConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)isameasureoftheaveragechangeovertime
TheConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)isameasureoftheaveragechangeovertime
Changesinclimatethathadalreadytakenplacearemanifested【M1】______fr
Changesinclimatethathadalreadytakenplacearemanifested【M1】______fr
Changesinclimatethathadalreadytakenplacearemanifested【M1】______fr
Changesinclimatethathadalreadytakenplacearemanifested【M1】______fr
Changesinclimatethathadalreadytakenplacearemanifested【M1】______fr
随机试题
Fewhumanrecordssurviveforlong,the16000-year-oldPaleolithiccavepai
Passage1[br][originaltext]各国应遵循《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则,恪守国际法和公认的国际关系准则。日内瓦是众多联合国专门
WhyYouShouldn’tFreakOutAboutSwarmingHoneybees—andHowtoSaveBeesFr
关于风压、热压共同作用下的自然通风,下列说法正确的是()。A.建筑物受风压和
有关毛果芸香碱的叙述,错误的是A、能直接激动M受体,产生M样作用 B、可使汗腺
A.芒硝 B.大戟 C.赤芍 D.巴豆 E.肉桂处方配伍时藜芦反
劳动合同内容中“劳动保护和劳动条件”一款要求用人单位按照()为劳动者提供必要的
某施工单位(乙方)与某建设单位(甲方)签订了建造无线电发射试验基地施工合同。合同
关于建设工程未经竣工验收,建设单位擅自使用后,又以使用部分质量不符合约定为由主张
放坡基坑施工中,常用的护坡措施有()。A.挂网喷浆或混凝土 B.叠放沙包
最新回复
(
0
)