首页
登录
职称英语
Cultural norms so completely surround people, so permeate thought and acti
Cultural norms so completely surround people, so permeate thought and acti
游客
2023-11-18
53
管理
问题
Cultural norms so completely surround people, so permeate thought and action, that we never recognize the assumptions on which their lives and their sanity rest. As one observer put it, if birds were suddenly endowed with scientific curiosity they might examine many things, but the sky itself would be overlooked as a suitable subject; if fish were to become curious about the world, it would never occur to them to begin by investigating water. For birds and fish would take the sky and sea for granted, unaware of their profound influence because they comprise the medium for every fact. Human beings, in a similarly way, occupy a symbolic universe governed by codes that are unconsciously acquired and automatically employed. So much so that they rarely notice that the ways they interpret and talk about events are distinctively different from the ways people conduct their affairs in other cultures.
As long as people remain blind to the sources of their meanings, they are imprisoned within them. These cultural frames of reference are no less confining simply because they cannot be seen or touched. Whether it is an individual neurosis that keeps an individual out of contact with his neighbors, or a collective neurosis that separates neighbors of different cultures, both are forms of blindness that limit what can be experienced and what can be learned from others.
It would seem that everywhere people would desire to break out of the boundaries of their own experiential worlds. Their ability to react sensitively to a wider spectrum of events and peoples requires an overcoming of such cultural parochialism. But, in fact, few attain this broader vision. Some, of course, have little opportunity for wider cultural experience, though this condition should change as the movement of people accelerates. Others do not try to widen their experience because they prefer the old and familiar, seek from their affairs only further confirmation of the correctness of their own values. Still others recoil from such experiences because they feel it dangerous to probe too deeply into the personal or cultural unconscious. Exposure may reveal how tenuous and arbitrary many cultural norms are; such exposure might force people to acquire new bases for interpreting events. And even for the many who do seek actively to enlarge the variety of human beings with whom they are capable of communicating there are still difficulties.
Cultural myopia persists not merely because of inertia and habit, but chiefly because it is so difficult to overcome. One acquires a personality and a culture in childhood, long before he is capable of comprehending either of them. To survive, each person masters the perceptual orientations, cognitive biases, and communicative habits of his own culture. But once mastered, objective assessment of these same processes is awkward since the same mechanisms that are being evaluated must be used in making the evaluations. [br] The examples of birds and fish are used to ______.
选项
A、show that they, too, have their respective cultures
B、explain humans occupy a symbolic universe as birds and fish occupy the sky and the sea
C、illustrate that human beings are unaware of the cultural codes governing them
D、demonstrate the similarity between man, birds, and fish in their ways of thinking
答案
C
解析
事实细节题。文章第一段第三句拿鸟和鱼与人作类比,鱼和鸟“unaware of their profound influence of the sky and the sea”,这一点与第四句话:人类“unconsciously acquire and employ(cultural codes)”是一回事。所以答案为C ,这也正好与文章第一句话照应:人们对自己的文化规约不自知。选项A 和B 只是假设的表层现象,予以排除;选项D 是强干扰项,但这里不是讲述整体思维方式的比较,所以太笼统,偏离了主题。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3198228.html
相关试题推荐
OnNewYear’sEve,therewillbeafirework______atPeople’sSquare.A、performa
Beingsomewhatshortsighted,shehadthehabitof______atpeople.A、glancingB、
IguessJonesdidn’thaveachancetowintheelection.Almostallofthepeople
Peoplewholiveinthecountrysideorinthemountain,wheretheeyesareconsta
Iftapwaterwereasdangerousassomepeoplethink,______wouldbegettingsic
Theyoungpeoplearebecomingincreasinglyfilm______.A、consciousB、conscience
Threatsfromnomadicpeopleinthenorthwere【C1】______throughoutChinese
Threatsfromnomadicpeopleinthenorthwere【C1】______throughoutChinese
Threatsfromnomadicpeopleinthenorthwere【C1】______throughoutChinese
Threatsfromnomadicpeopleinthenorthwere【C1】______throughoutChinese
随机试题
Parentswhosmokeoftenopenawindoworturnonafantocleartheairfor
WhowontheWorldCup1994footballgame?WhathappenedattheUnitedNation
ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare’stimeisestimatedtohave
[originaltext]I’dliketolookatavitalaspectofe-commerce,andthatis
触发同一报警区域内一只火灾探测器与一只手动火灾报警按钮,启动需测试的火灾警报装置
某男,30岁。反复出现右上肢抽搐,发作时神志清醒,右上肢自觉阵阵发紧,见手指抽动
A.9 B.7 C.5 D.3
近日,科学家发明了一种新技术——GEMX,可以应用在各种镍基电池中。这项技术可以
甲公司今年初发行A股票,预计每年分配股利3元,假设股利可以持续发放并且保持不变,
相对于工程合同价而言,施工成本的实际值是()中的相应成本项。 A.投标价B
最新回复
(
0
)