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  3. Humanity’s primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and n

Humanity’s primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and n

游客2023-11-07  32
问题     Humanity’s primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and number are usually regarded as the earliest mathematics. However, the concept of number and the counting process developed so long【C1】______the time of recorded history (there is archaeological【C2】______that counting was employed by humans as far back as 50, 000 years ago) that the【C3】______of this development is largely conjectural (推测的). Imaging how it probably came【C4】______is not difficult. The argument that humans,【C5】______in prehistoric times, had some number sense, at least【C6】______the extent of recognizing the concepts of more and less when some objects were【C7】______to or taken away from a small group, seems fair, for studies have shown that some animal possesses such a【C8】______.
    With the【C9】______evolution of society, simple counting became necessary. A tribe had to know how many members it had and how many enemies, and shepherd needed to know【C10】______the flock of sheep was decreasing in size. Probably the earliest way of keeping a count was by some simple tally (计算，记录) method,【C11】______the principle of one-to-one correspondence. In【C12】______a count of sheep, for example, one finger per sheep could be【C13】______. Counts could also be【C14】______by making scratches in the dirt or on a stone, by cutting notches in a piece of wood, or by tying knots in a string.
   【C15】______, perhaps later, an assortment of vocal【C16】______was developed as a word tally against the number of objects in a small group. And【C17】______later, with the development of writing, a set of【C18】______was invented to stand for these numbers. Such an imagined development is【C19】______by reports of anthropologists in their studies of present day societies that are【C20】______to be similar to those of early humans. [br] 【C2】
选项 A、evidence
B、conception
C、witness
D、evaluation
答案 A
解析 本句意为“有考古证据表明数字计算开始于五万年前”，[A]evidence“证据，迹象”符合语义。[B]conception“观念，概念”、[C]witness“证据，目击证人”、[D]evaluation“进化，发展”这三项都不合语义。
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