首页
登录
职称英语
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the clas
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the clas
游客
2023-10-28
19
管理
问题
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed "intuition" to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking.
(2)Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.
(3)Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ in-tuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an "Aha!" experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to en-gender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes patterns.
(4)One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that "thinking" is inseparable from acting. Since managers often "know" what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by
acting and analyzing in close concert.
[br] The classical model of decision analysis includes all EXCEPT ______.
选项
A、evaluation of a problem
B、establishment of clear goals to be reached by the decision
C、action undertaken in order to discover more information about a problem
D、comparison of the probable effects of different solutions to a problem
答案
C
解析
原文提到了6种模式,将选项与原文对比,可发现选项C未被提及,故正确答案为C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3137411.html
相关试题推荐
A、Sellinggoodstocustomers.B、Followingupcustomers’orders.C、Workingonsom
A、Gotocollege.B、Getgoodgrades.C、Pursueacareer.D、Followherinterests.D
WhichofthefollowingunderlinedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?
ReadcarefullythefollowingexcerptonretirementagedelayargumentsinCh
(1)Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclas
(1)Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclas
(1)Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclas
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesCOMMAND?A、Youmusthavetoldherthe
Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns(反身代词)isusedasanappositive?A、Iha
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesPOSSIBILITY?A、IcanspeakGermanflue
随机试题
Afterintensiveresearch,scientistshaveconcludedthatpoliticianslie.
Untilrecently,scientistsknewlittleaboutlifeinthedeepsea,norhadt
下列哪些叙述不正确( )A.良性肿瘤和恶性肿瘤之间界线并非绝然,良性向恶性演变
整个工程项目建设造价控制的关键阶段是()。A.设计阶段 B.施工阶段 C.运
下列对中国陶瓷器的描述中,正确的是()。A.陶瓷器是陶器制品和瓷器制品的总称
患者,女,25岁。发热、咳嗽、流涕2周后热退,但又出现胸闷心悸,心率120次/分
(2018年真题)证券公司、资产托管机构应当为集合资产管理计划单独开立证券账户,
会计要素中( )是指企业在日常活动中发生的,会导致所有者权益减少的,与向所有者
牡蛎的功效有A.制酸止痛 B.软坚散结 C.收敛固涩 D.平肝潜阳 E.
女性,45岁。被鱼刺扎伤右手食指尖2天,右手食指针刺样痛半天就诊。查体:T36
最新回复
(
0
)