首页
登录
职称英语
(1) Family planning has been a huge success. The global fertility rate has c
(1) Family planning has been a huge success. The global fertility rate has c
游客
2023-10-28
25
管理
问题
(1) Family planning has been a huge success. The global fertility rate has crashed, from 5.1 babies per woman in 1964 to 2.5 today. The average Bangladeshi woman can now expect to have about the same number of children as the average French woman. Only in sub-Saharan Africa are big families still in vogue, and even there they are shrinking. This is welcome. It suggests that women have gained more control over their bodies and that parents no longer reproduce frantically for fear that some of their children will die. Cutting the birth rate also leaves countries with fewer dependants per worker, at least for a time, making them better off.
(2) But this triumph conceals a growing problem. For more and more couples, the greatest source of anguish is that they have fewer children than they want, or none at all. With GlobeScan, a consultancy, The Economist polled 19 countries, asking people how many children they would like and how many they expect to have. In every rich country we surveyed, couples expect to be less fertile than they would like, and many in developing countries suffer the same sorrow. On average, Greeks think the ideal family contains 2.6 children but believe they will end up with 1.7.
(3) Medical infertility is part of the problem, not just in rich countries, where couples put off having children until it is rather late, but also in poor countries, where health care is worse. By one global estimate, at least 48m couples have been trying for a child for the past five years but have not succeeded, up from 42m in 1990. But the main reason for the shortfall, according to our poll, is money. From Brooklyn to Beijing, the cost of housing and education is so high that many young people say they cannot afford as many children as they want.
(4) Malthusians (马尔萨斯人口控制论者) will rejoice. The population is growing fast enough already, they will argue. Besides, can’t infertile couples just adopt children? In fact, population growth today largely reflects longer lives and will eventually go into reverse. It is not clear that there are too many people; and it is callous to ask couples who might want children to forgo that joy simply because some of their neighbours would prefer a less populous planet. And adoption, though admirable, is neither the sole responsibility of the childless nor a perfect substitute for procreation.
(5) The pain of having no or fewer children than you desire is often extreme. It can cause depression and in poor countries can be a social catastrophe. Couples impoverish themselves pursuing ineffective treatments; women who are thought to be barren are divorced, ostracised or worse. Last month a childless Kenyan tailor was charged with attempted murder, having allegedly attacked his wife with a machete.
(6) In wealthy countries, where maternity wards are quiet partly because the young are so economically insecure, governments can help by doing things they should be doing anyway: liberalising labour markets that shut the young out of jobs, relaxing planning rules to make housing cheaper and promoting child-friendly policies in the workplace. Across the world, education is important, both to warn women about how fertility declines with age and, especially in Africa, about preventable infections such as chlamydia and gonorrhoea.
(7) Most important, however, is medical innovation. In vitro fertilisation (IVF) (试管婴儿) has become better over the years but is still horribly expensive. Some couples remortgage their homes in the hope of conceiving. Research into more frugal technology is staggeringly rare, given the demand for it. Would lower, cheaper doses of IVF drugs work as well for some people? No one knows. Will a shoe-box-sized IVF laboratory developed in America work reliably? Trials are only now under way.
(8) More money for research would help, as it generally does. But perhaps not as much as more attention. Governments and aid agencies have turned family planning into a wholly one-sided campaign, dedicated to minimising teenage pregnancies and unwanted births; it has come to mean family restriction. Instead, family planning ought to mean helping people to have as many, or as few, children as they want. [br] Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?
选项
A、Family Planning as Wanted.
B、Cutting the Birth Rate.
C、Teenage Pregnancies.
D、Medical Innovation.
答案
A
解析
纵览全文,文章围绕family planning展开,最后一段更是明确指出family planning应该是让各个家庭都能够没有后顾之忧地养育下一代,故A项为答案。B项、C项和D项分别是在第一段、第八段和第七段提及的具体内容,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3136576.html
相关试题推荐
(1)Theurbanpopulationin2014accountedfor54%ofthetotalglobalpopul
(1)Theurbanpopulationin2014accountedfor54%ofthetotalglobalpopul
A、Threatenedbytheglobalfinancialcrisis.B、Lackofvaluedcustomers.C、Impos
thefamilyfarmers此处是关于经济问题的第二个例子:“‘TroubleintheFields’alsodescribesthedif
Boththefamilyandthesociety______exceptionalchildrenliveareoftenthek
TipsforPlanningaPresentationI.TheculturalstyleofpresentationforEngli
TipsforPlanningaPresentationI.TheculturalstyleofpresentationforEngli
TipsforPlanningaPresentationI.TheculturalstyleofpresentationforEngli
TipsforPlanningaPresentationI.TheculturalstyleofpresentationforEngli
TipsforPlanningaPresentationI.TheculturalstyleofpresentationforEngli
随机试题
ItisnotthatIdonotlikeplays.ThereasonwhyIdidnotgotothetheaterl
A.cn=4n-3 B.cn=8n-1 C.cn=4n-5 D.cn=8n
假设资料中的各个院校毕业生人数相同,2016年各专业类型毕业生平均薪酬,从高
方颅可见于A.呆小症 B.先天性梅毒 C.脑膜炎 D.脑积水 E.小儿营
既能清虚热,又能截疟、解暑的是()。A.柴胡B.地骨皮C.银柴胡D.青蒿E.白
患者男性,43岁。因胆道蛔虫并发急性化脓性胆管炎引起细菌性肝脓肿,行脓肿置管引流
旅游区在开发建设之前,首先应编制()。A.控制性详细规划 B.修建性详
出售无形资产取得的收益会导致经济利益流入企业,所以它属于会计准则所定义的“收入”
项目监理机构对施工组织设计进行审查的内容有()。A.编审程序是否符合相关规定
以下关于浇筑温度说法正确的是( )。A.平仓振捣前,本坯混凝土面以上5-10cm
最新回复
(
0
)