2. 职称英语
  3. More than half the adult population claims to be suffering from it. It makes

More than half the adult population claims to be suffering from it. It makes

游客2023-10-12  23
问题     More than half the adult population claims to be suffering from it. It makes us tense, irritable and affects ours concentration. Worse, it damages our health, causing everything from heart attacks to asthma, from chronic fatigue to spots. Cynics are quick to dismiss the phenomenon as fashionable hype. And they have a point. After all, we are lives longer lives than any generation before us. Most of us have more cash, more holidays, more consumer durables, and more choices in our lives than ever before.

    Faced with the historical evidence of human survival, trimuph and even happiness, against far greater odds than we experience today, talk of stress, the modern disease, just sounds like whingeing(诉苦、埋怨). Yet for many people stress is real enough. The effects of sudden and shocking events on physical and mental health have been well documented. But, crises are not the only things to damage our health. Professor Ben Fletcher, psychologist and Dean of the Business School at the University of Hertfordshire, argues that the work people do has a huge effect on their risk of physical disease. High demands, combined with low control, lack of support, and especially monotonous work, are stressful and increase our chance of an early death.
    But dose it make sense to sweep all these conditions under one title, " stress" ? According to Carry Cooper, Professor of Organizational Psychology at the University of Manchester, it’s an umbrella concept. While cause, context and response all vary, the underlying model is the same. Hans Selye, founder of modern research into stress, described it as " the rate of wear and tear on the body". The analogy emerges out of physics. Subject a bridge to repeated stress—perhaps the waves against the pillars, or steady vibrations from soldiers marching across it in step—and it will start to exhibit strain.
    But stress is not entirely malign. A certain amount of pressure—Professor Cooper distinguishes pressure from stress—and we thrive. We keep going, we keep interested in the world, we stay a-live. Too much and we get tense, troubled, breathless and run down.
    So stress is real. The answer to our cynics who point to historical evidence is that our ancestors suffered from stress too. Richard Napier, a sixteenth century physician, recorded that around a third of his patients were "trouble in the mind". We are no more wimpish than our forebears, the stress they suffered probably contributing to their ill health and lower life expectancy.
    Of course the stresses we face today may genuinely be greater for many people than thirty years ago. Professor Cooper argues that we have less support today to help us deal with the inevitable stresses that arise. We no longer have the communities and extended families that acted as natural sources of moral support. So counseling networks and services have had to grow in their place. But the big test is whether our futures will be consistently more stressful than our past, how will human beings manage to adapt to change? No one knows, but the academics look forward to finding out.
Questions 66 to 68
Mark each statement as either true(T)or false(F)according to the passage. [br] High demands, combined with low control, lack of support, and especially monotonous work, are stressful and increase our chances of an early death.
选项
答案 高要求、低下的控制力、支持的缺乏、特别是单调的工作都会带来压力，并且增加我们早逝的机率。
解析 (句中are stressful和increase our chance of an early death为并列成分，均指上述状况带来的危害，翻译时可进行词性的转化，把are stressful译为“带来压力”，使与之后的“增加早逝几率”结构一致。)
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