首页
登录
职称英语
An English schoolboy would only ask his friend: "Wassa time, then?" To his t
An English schoolboy would only ask his friend: "Wassa time, then?" To his t
游客
2023-09-12
13
管理
问题
An English schoolboy would only ask his friend: "Wassa time, then?" To his teacher he would be much more likely to speak in a more standardized accent and ask: "Excuse me, sir, may I have the correct time please?" People are generally aware that the phrases and expressions they use are different from those of earlier generations; but they concede less that their own behavior also varies according to the situation in which they find themselves. People have characteristic ways of talking, which are relatively stable across varying situations. Nevertheless, distinct contexts, and different listeners, demand different patterns of speech from one and the same speaker.
Not only this, but, in many cases, the way someone speaks affects the response of the person to whom he is speaking in such a way that "modeling" is seen to occur. This is what Michael Argyle has called "response matching". Several studies have shown that the more intimate these details are, the more personal secrets the other person will divulge (泄露).
Response matching has, in fact, been noted between two speakers in a number of ways, including how long someone speaks, the length of pauses, speech rate and voice loudness. The correspondence between the length of reporters’ questions when interviewing President Kennedy, and the length of his replies has been shown to have increased over the duration of his 1961-1963 news conferences. Argyle says this process may be one of "imitation". Two American researchers, Jaffe and Feldstein, prefer to think of it as the speaker’s need for equilibrium (平衡). Neither of these explanations seems particularly convincing. It may be that response matching can be more profitably considered as an unconscious reflection of speakers’ needs for social integration with one another.
This process of modeling the other person’s speech in a conversation could also be termed "speech convergence". It may only be one aspect of a much wider speech change. In other situations, speech divergence may occur when certain factors encourage a person to modify his speech away from the individual he is dealing with. For example, a retired brigadier’s wife, renowned for her incessant snobbishness, may return her vehicle to the local garage because of inadequate servicing, voicing her complaint in elaborately phrased, yet mechanically unsophisticated language, with a high soft-pitched voice. These superior airs and graces may simply make the mechanic reply with a flourish of almost incomprehensible technicalities, and in a louder, more deeply-pitched voice than he would have used with a less irritating customer. [br] The speech of the mechanic addressed to the retired brigadier’s wife is an example of ______.
选项
A、response matching
B、speech convergence
C、speech divergence
D、need for equilibrium
答案
C
解析
推理题 最后一段在举机械工人的例子之前,作者提到speech divergence。参考最后一段第三句话。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3008864.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Ourfriend,Nick,whoseEnglishgetsbetterandbetter,decla
[originaltext]Ourfriend,Nick,whoseEnglishgetsbetterandbetter,decla
[originaltext]Aseveryschoolboyknows,themostimportantrawmaterialsof
[originaltext]Aseveryschoolboyknows,themostimportantrawmaterialsof
[originaltext]Aseveryschoolboyknows,themostimportantrawmaterialsof
[originaltext]M:Whatdidyoudotocelebrateyourbirthday?W:Myfriendstook
[originaltext]M:Whatdidyoudotocelebrateyourbirthday?W:Myfriendstook
Agoodbookisabestfriend_____________________________(从不拒绝我们).whonevertu
[originaltext]M:Asateacher,canyougiveussomeideaonhowtheEnglishsch
[originaltext]M:Asateacher,canyougiveussomeideaonhowtheEnglishsch
随机试题
WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwho
造成30人以上死亡,或者100人以上重伤,或者1亿元以上直接财产损失的火灾属于(
以下不属于类图中的关系的是()A.依赖 B.继承 C.实现 D.组
A.县级以上人民政府负责中医药管理的部门B.区级以上人民政府负责中医药管理的部门
某项目在城市规划中要求建筑红线后退8m,是指其建筑物最外线从( )后退8m。A
下列项目属于一键顺控的功能试验的检验项目()(A)预制操作票库(B)操作
以下不属于物业服务企业利润构成的是()。A:补贴收入B:营业外收支净额C:
下列哪一情形构成对生命权的侵犯?(2016年卷)A.甲女视其长发如生命,被情敌乙
我国自行开办的最早的现代商业银行是()。A.丽如银行 B.中国通商银行 C
背景:某公司中标某工程,根据《建设工程施工合同(示范文本)》(GF一2013―0
最新回复
(
0
)