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  3. The planet’s wild creatures face a new threat—from yuppies (雅皮士), empty nest

The planet’s wild creatures face a new threat—from yuppies (雅皮士), empty nest

游客2023-09-12  48
问题     The planet’s wild creatures face a new threat—from yuppies (雅皮士), empty nesters and one parent families.
    Biologists studying the pressure on the planet’s dwindling biodiversity today report on a new reason for alarm. Although the rate of growth in the human population is decreasing, the number of individual households is exploding.
    Even where populations have actually dwindled in some regions of New Zealand, for instance— the numbers of individual households has increased, because of divorce, career choice, smaller families and longer lifespan.
   Jianguo Lin of Michigan State University and colleagues from Stanford University in California report in Nature, in a paper published online in advance, that a greater number of individual households, each containing on average fewer people, meant more pressure on natural resources.
    Towns and cities began to sprawl (蔓生，蔓延) as new homes were built. Each household needed fuel to heat and light it; each household required its own plumbing, cooking and refrigeration.
    "In larger households, the efficiency of resource consumption will be a lot higher, because more people share things," Dr Liu said. He and his colleagues looked at the population patterns of life in 141 countries, including 76 "hotspot’ regions unusually rich in a variety of local wildlife. These hot spots included Australia, New Zealand, the US, Brazil, China, India, Kenya, and Italy. They found that between 1985 and 2000 in the "hotspot" parts of the globe, the annual 3.1% growth rate in the number of households was far higher than the population growth rate of 1.8%.
    "Had the average household size remained at the 1985 level," the scientists report, "there would have been 155 million fewer households in hotspot countries in 2000.
    Dr Liu’s work grew from the alarming discovery that the giant pandas living in China’s Wolong reserve are more at risk now than they were when the reserve was first established. The local population had grown, but the total number of homes had increased more swiftly, to make greater inroads into the bamboo forests.
    Only around 1.75 million species on the planet have been named and described. Biologists estimate that there could be 7 million, or even 17 million, as yet to be identified. But human numbers have grown more than sixfold in the past 200 years, and humans and their livestock are now the greatest single consumer group on the planet. The world population will continue to soar, perhaps leveling off around 9 billion in the next century. Environmental campaigners have claimed that between a quarter and a half of all the species on earth could become extinct in the next century. [br] Some environmentalists warn that the soaring population will cause ______.
选项 A、the degradation of people’s living standard in the next century
B、the deterioration of living environment in the next century
C、the reproduction of more wild species in the next century
D、the extinction of more wild species in the next century
答案 D
解析 细节题。根据最后一段最后一句话的内容“Environmental campaigners have claimed that between a quarter and a half of all the species on earth could become extinct in the next century．”可知，人口的增多，将导致更多的生物物种灭绝。所以选项D符合题意。
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