首页
登录
职称英语
A study reveals that the brain areas that respond when fear is learned thro
A study reveals that the brain areas that respond when fear is learned thro
游客
2023-09-09
13
管理
问题
A study reveals that the brain areas that respond when fear is learned through personal experience are al-so triggered when we see someone else in distress.
In the study, participants watched a short video of a person conditioned to fear a so-called neutral stimulus-something people normally wouldn’t fear--paired with something they find naturally aversive (令人讨厌的), in this case an electrical shock. The person in the video watched colored squares on a computer screen: When a blue square appeared, the person received a mild shock; when a yellow square appeared, there was no shock. The participant in the video responded with distress when the blue square appeared—he would blink hard, tense his cheek muscles and move his hand. "So it’s clear that he’s uncomfortable, he’s in distress," said study team member Andreas Olsson of Columbia University. "And he’s already in distress before he receives the shock, you see him anticipate receiving the shock." By contrast the participant in the video appeared relaxed when the yellow square popped up,
Participants were told they would take part in a similar experiment, and when presented with the blue square, they responded with fear, anticipating a shock, though they were never actually shocked. "Just by watching, they learn themselves," Olsson explained.
This second learning was reflected in the brain. In previous classical conditioning experiments where a fear is learned firsthand, a part of the brain called the amygdala (扁桃核) has been shown to be critical to the development and expression of fears. The scientists monitored the brain activity of each participant during the experiment. Imaging showed that the amygdala responded both when the subjects watched the video of someone else receiving shocks and when they were presented with the blue squares themselves.
"We found that the amygdala is involved both when you’re watching somebody receiving shocks, and when you’re expecting to receive shocks later on yourself," Olsson said. So it seems that similar processes in the brain are triggered both when fears are experienced first-hand and when they are observed in others.
In the real world, the finding could explain why some people are afraid of things despite little contact with them. "You learn by observing other people’s emotional expressions, and what we are showing is that that can be as effective as having those direct experiences yourself," Olsson said. "That’s probably one of the reasons why a lot people are having phobias (恐怖症) of certain kinds of stimuli, such as snakes and spiders." [br] It can be inferred that when a child see his father feel fear at a snake, he probably ______.
选项
A、regards his father’s reaction as funny
B、feels scared by his father’s unusual behavior
C、learn the fear from his father’s response
D、turns to his mother for parental protection
答案
C
解析
推断题。文中说你通过观察他人的情感表现学会了恐惧,由此可推断如果孩子看到父亲对蛇产生恐惧,小孩也就学会了对蛇的恐惧。因此,该题答案是C。另外,根据实验结果作合理的类推常常是设题点所在。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3000349.html
相关试题推荐
Inrespondingtosocialproblems,wehavesimilarlyconstructedhospitals,p
Inrespondingtosocialproblems,wehavesimilarlyconstructedhospitals,p
Astudyrevealsthatthebrainareasthatrespondwhenfearislearnedthro
Astudyrevealsthatthebrainareasthatrespondwhenfearislearnedthro
Astudyrevealsthatthebrainareasthatrespondwhenfearislearnedthro
Itisquitenecessaryto______(把我们课堂上学习的东西应用到实践当中).applywhatwehavelearned
Accordingtoawarcorrespondent,onecouldsensenothingbutflashesandbangs
TheWesternpowersrespondedbysupporting,practicallywithoutconditions,the
Apoliticianmustbeableto______publiccriticism.A、ascertainB、correspondC、
______heisawelllearnedsurgeonbuthecannotevenperformaminoroperation
随机试题
HowtoBeEffectiveReaders?I.Introductionofreadingand
在数据库设计过程中,设计用户外模式属于( );数据的物理独立性和数据的逻辑独立
呕吐反应多见于下列哪些情况麻醉()A.氯胺酮麻醉 B.丙泊酚麻醉 C.依
下列不属于肾动脉造影检查适应证的是A.原因不明的高血压,听诊脐周有血管杂音者
心室发生期前收缩之后出现代偿间歇的原因是:A.窦房结的节律性兴奋延迟发放 B
天王补心丹主治证候的病因病机是()A.心脾两虚,气血不足 B.心阴不
下列哪种蛋白不是由肝细胞合成的?()A.白蛋白 B.凝血酶原 C.前白蛋白
《中华人民共和国药品管理法》规定的管理范围中不包括A.药品经营 B.药品质量控
数千年以来,人们对满月之夜总是心存偏见,因为在一些传说中,有人会在满月之夜变成狼
主动脉瓣中度狭窄时瓣口面积为A.<0.75cm B.0.75~1..cm C
最新回复
(
0
)