首页
登录
职称英语
As the world continues to recover from the Great Recession, governments and
As the world continues to recover from the Great Recession, governments and
游客
2023-09-06
38
管理
问题
As the world continues to recover from the Great Recession, governments and businesses are focused on how to spur economic growth. But if they really want to create jobs, raise incomes, and lift living standards, they should devote more energy to figuring out how to generate economic dynamism over the long term.
At times like this, governments tend to champion particular sectors like manufacturing, or industries like green technology. But true dynamism flows from continuous innovation, experimentation, adaptation, and change, all of which raise productivity over time. Those productivity gains, in turn, lift incomes and drive consumption. This fuels more innovation—and a dynamic economy thus expands in a healthy, sustainable way.
Unfortunately, economic dynamism can also cause dislocation and disturbance as workers lose jobs in failing companies or in fading industries. Change in the ranking of companies has accelerated in many countries, including the United States, over the last century. The 90 names listed on Standard & Poor’s index of major U. S. companies in the 1920s remained there for an average of 65 years. By 1998 a company listed on the S & P 500 could expect to stay there for an average of only 10 years.
The distress caused by such turnover causes many people to resist change. But this process, famously labeled "creative destruction" by economist Joseph Schumpeter, frees resources for new uses that can vastly improve life over time. We may have fewer farmers, coachmen, and switchboard operators today than in Schumpeter’s time, but We have software engineers, EKG technicians, Google mapmakers, and a host of other occupations people couldn’t have imagined back then. The "productivity paradox" is that while we may need fewer workers in certain occupations in the short term, improved productivity leads to a stronger economy as a whole. So policies to spur economic dynamism are essential elements of any strategy to create jobs.
How exactly do we foster economic dynamism? Dynamism doesn’t turn on whether an economy has a large financial sector, or big manufacturers, or a semiconductor industry, but instead on whether the sectors are competitive or not. Instead of picking winners and pouring out subsidies to them, countries must get the basics right. These include a solid rule of law, with patents and protections for intellectual property, enforceable contracts, and courts to resolve disputes; access to finance, particularly for startups; and an efficient physical and communications infrastructure. Once the basics are in place, the key is ensuring strong competition within sectors.
It can be tempting, in the short term, to prop up old industries and preserve outdated jobs. But as Schumpeter said, "With capitalism, we are dealing with an evolutionary process. " Nations that want to move up the list should be prepared to evolve. [br] What might be the author’s attitude towards the move to generate economic dynamism?
选项
A、Positive.
B、Negative.
C、Neutral.
D、Indifferent.
答案
A
解析
根据题干关键词the move to generate economic dynamism定位到原文最后一段第二、三句:But as Schumpeter said, "With capitalism, we are dealing with an evolutionary process." Nations that want to move up the list. should be prepared to evolve. 可知,首先,作者同意Schumpeter的观点,我们正在应对一个发展的过程。随后又提到,那些想要走在前列的国家应当为发展做好准备。即作者就产生经济活力所采取的行动是持积极肯定的态度的,故选A 项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2990399.html
相关试题推荐
Theworld’sgovernmentshavedone________nothingtocombatthethreatofnucle
AstheworldcontinuestorecoverfromtheGreatRecession,governmentsand
AstheworldcontinuestorecoverfromtheGreatRecession,governmentsand
Ithasbeenthemostequalattitudeofallthe11recessionssinceWorldWar
Ithasbeenthemostequalattitudeofallthe11recessionssinceWorldWar
Ithasbeenthemostequalattitudeofallthe11recessionssinceWorldWar
There’snothingradicalabouttheideathatgovernmentsshouldintervenein
There’snothingradicalabouttheideathatgovernmentsshouldintervenein
There’snothingradicalabouttheideathatgovernmentsshouldintervenein
There’snothingradicalabouttheideathatgovernmentsshouldintervenein
随机试题
斯蒂芬.霍金出生于1942年1月8日,在圣奥尔本斯长大,是家中4个孩子中的老大。【T1】他的父亲是一位研究生物学家,母亲是一所医学研究院的秘书,因此他对
[originaltext]MyfatherdiedwhenIwasninemonthsold,makingmymumasi
红酒越陈越美味,生活越丰富越美好,当人生走向晚年,就如一瓶待开封的好酒,其色彩是沉静的,味道中充满慷慨与智慧。Therewasaremarkablere
[originaltext]W:Ihearyou’refinallyretiringattheendofthisyear,Brant
[originaltext]Overthepastdecade,NewYork’smostpopulousmarketplaceha
方差分析使用的条件是()。A.各样本来自正态分布的总体 B.各样本为相互独
A.太阳经病 B.少阳经病 C.阳明经病 D.少阴经病 E.厥阴经病后头
某拟建现浇钢筋混凝土高层办公楼,抗震设防烈度为8度(0.2g),丙类建筑,Ⅱ类建
()主要是预测个别证券的价格走势及其波动情况。 A.单一化B.个别证券选择
根据《质量管理体系基础和术语》GB/T19000-2000,施工企业开展质量管理
最新回复
(
0
)