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  3. Several recent studies have gained wide attention for reconfirming the tragi

Several recent studies have gained wide attention for reconfirming the tragi

游客2023-09-06  21
问题     Several recent studies have gained wide attention for reconfirming the tragic disconnection of millions of black youths from the American mainstream. Harry Holzer, an economist at Georgetown University and a co-author of one of the recent studies, feels joblessness is due to largely weak schooling, a lack of reading and math skills at a time when such skills are increasingly required even for blue-collar jobs. Unable to find jobs, he claims, black males turn to illegal activities, especially the drug trade and chronic drug use, and often end up in prison.
    As usual, it fails to answer the important questions. Why are young black men doing so poorly in school that they lack basic literacy and math skills? Scholars must have known that countless studies by educational experts have found that poor schools, per se(本质上), do not explain why after 10 years of education a young man remains illiterate.
    Nor have studies explained why, if .someone cannot get a job, he turns to crime and drug abuse. One does not imply the other. Joblessness is rampant in Latin America and India, but the mass of the populations does not turn to crime.
    So what are some of the cultural factors that explain the sorry state of young black men? Their candid answer was that what sociologists call the "cool-pose culture" of young black men was simply too gratifying to give up. For these young men, it was almost like a drug, hanging out on the street after school, shopping and dressing sharply, party drugs, hip-hop music and culture, the fact that almost all the superstar athletes and a great many of the nation’s best entertainers were black.
    Not only was living this subculture immensely fulfilling, the young men said, it also brought them a great deal of respect from white youths. This also explains the otherwise puzzling finding by social psychologists that young black men and women tend to have the highest levels of self-esteem of all ethnic groups, and that their self-image is independent of how badly they were doing in school.
    I call this the Dionysian trap for young black men. The important thing to note about the subculture that ensnares (诱入陷阱)them is that it is not disconnected from the mainstream culture. To the contrary, it has powerful support from some of America’s largest corporations. Hip-hop, professional basketball and homeboy fashions are as American as cherry pie. Young white Americans are very much into these things, but selectively; they know when it is time to turn off TV and get out the SAT preparation book.
    For young black men, however, that culture is all there is—or so they think. Sadly, their complete engagement in this part of the American cultural mainstream, which they created and which feeds their pride and self-respect, is a major factor in their disconnection from the socioeconomic mainstream. [br] According to Harry Holzer, what function does education have in decreasing disconnection of black youths from the American mainstream?
选项 A、It enables black youths to get into employment.
B、It provides black youths with reading and math skills.
C、It prevents black youths from illegal activities.
D、It decreases drug trade and drug use among black youth.
答案 A
解析 根据题干关键词Harry Holzer定位到原文首段第二句：Harry Holzer, an economist at Georgetown University and a co-author of one of the recent studies, feels joblessness is due to largely weak schooling, a lack of reading and math skills at a time when such skills are increasingly required even for blue-collar jobs.可知Harry Holzer认为失业在很大程度上由薄弱的教育、缺乏阅读和数学技能造成。当黑人找不到工作时就会走向犯罪从而脱离社会主流。故选A项。
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