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  3. The standard official retirement age to qualify for a public pension in most

The standard official retirement age to qualify for a public pension in most

游客2023-09-04  3
问题     The standard official retirement age to qualify for a public pension in most OECD countries is currently 65. The chief【C1】______to this are France and Korea, where it is 60, and Norway, where it is 67. Several countries offer early retirement【C2】______allowing people to retire two to five years before the standard age. And in a number of countries, there are【C3】______generous eligibility criteria for disability pensions and unemployment【C4】______for older workers. Severance (离职) packages, 【C5】______early occupational pensions, also help some older workers to make the【C6】______at relatively low personal cost.
    It is【C7】______not surprising that the average age of actual retirement is often three to five years earlier than the standard official age. Only in the United States does the average actual retirement age【C8】______to the current standard age. 【C9】______. the United States is gradually raising the retirement age to 67, and is【C10】______the merits of later retirement. The average worker in Japan and Korea retires at 69 and 67, 【C11】______four and seven years later than the official standard age. But these are the exceptions. In Europe, less than half of the male population aged 55 to 64 is currently working.
    Life expectancy (平均寿命) at the average【C12】______retirement age can be as high as 18-20 years, about a third longer than it was 30 years ago. It is projected【C13】______increase further, so the retirement period will【C14】______unless retirement itself is delayed.
    Delaying retirement looks like the only【C15】______. Increases in the standard retirement age of women to match that of men are being【C16】______in in Australia and Germany, and for both men and women in Hungary, Italy, Japan, Korea and the United States. Pension systems are also being【C17】______so that if people retire earlier their pension level will be reduced【C18】______. This seems fair — experts【C19】______it as being actuarially neutral — since it reduces pressure on pension funds by【C20】______that benefits are more in line with contribution payments. [br] 【C1】
选项 A、differences
B、exceptions
C、elimination
D、exclusion
答案 B
解析 语义衔接题。this指代前面提到的“在大多数经济合作组织的国家中，有资格获得公共退休金的标准法定退休年龄为65”，这里提到“在法国和韩国，这一年龄为60，在挪威，这一年龄为67”，显然是与前面提到的大多数国家退休年龄不同的国家，即特例，故答案为[B]exceptions“例外”。下一段出现的exceptions为本空所填词的原词复现。[A]differences“差异；分歧”；[C]elimination“消除；清除”；[D]exclusion“排斥；排除”。
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