首页
登录
职称英语
Unlike the scientist, the engineer is not free to select the problem which i
Unlike the scientist, the engineer is not free to select the problem which i
游客
2023-09-01
21
管理
问题
Unlike the scientist, the engineer is not free to select the problem which interests him;he must solve the problems as they arise, and his solutions must satisfy conflicting requirements. Typically, the engineering solution to most problems must take into account many factors.
To the engineer, efficiency means output divided by input. His job is to secure a maximum output for a given input or to secure a given output with a minimum input. The ratio may be expressed in terms of energy, materials, money, time, or man. Most commonly the denominator (分母) is money;in fact, most engineering problems are answered ultimately in dollars and cents.
The emphasis on efficiency leads to the large, complex operations which are characteristic of engineering. The processing of the new antibiotic and vaccines in the test-tube stage belongs in the field of biochemistry, but when great quantities must be produced at low cost, it becomes an engineering problem. It is the desire for efficiency and economy that distinguishes ceramic engineering from the work of the potter, textile engineering from weaving, and agricultural engineering from farming.
Since output equals input minus losses, the engineer must keep losses and waste to a minimum. One way is to develop uses for products which otherwise would be waste. The work of the chemical engineer in utilizing successively greater fractions of raw materials such as crude oil is well known. Losses due to friction occur in every machine and in every organization. Efficient functioning depends on good design, careful attention to operating difficulties, and lubrication of rough spots, whether they are mechanical or personal.
The raw materials with which engineers work are seldom found in useful forms. Engineering of the highest type is required to conceive, design, and achieve the conversion of the energy of a turbulent mountain stream into the powerful torque(转矩) of an electric motor a hundred miles away. Similarly many engineering operations are required to change the sands of the seashore into the precise lenses which permit us to observe the minute bacteria in a drop of water and study a giant mass of stars in outer space. [br] In the second paragraph, the word "ratio" refers to ______.
选项
A、minimum input divided by maximum output
B、given input divided by maximum output
C、output divided by input
D、money divided by output
答案
C
解析
词义推断题。由上下文“...efficiency means output divided by input...The ratio may be expressed in terms of...”可以看出ratio(比率)即“投入和产出比”,故正确答案为C项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2976851.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Scientiststhinkitwillbepossibletorecordpeople’sdream
[originaltext]Scientiststhinkitwillbepossibletorecordpeople’sdream
Scientistshavediscoveredstrandsofgeneticcodelinkedtoshortsight,th
Scientistshavediscoveredstrandsofgeneticcodelinkedtoshortsight,th
Heisgoodatworkingoutmathematicproblems,______(但是一谈到艺术),heknowslittle
Kunzgaveupsoftwareengineeringmainlybecauseheearnedlessthanthoseinla
Kunzgaveupsoftwareengineeringmainlybecauseheearnedlessthanthoseinla
Kunzgaveupsoftwareengineeringmainlybecauseheearnedlessthanthoseinla
______(科学家太专注于他的工作)thathedidn’tnoticeherenterthelab.Thescientistwass
SupportersofthebiotechindustryhaveaccusedanAmericanscientistofmisc
随机试题
INeverThoughtItCouldHappentoMe"Ithought
[originaltext]W:Thankheavens!You’rebacksafeandsound.Everyonewasworrie
一老年女性患者,拟行胆囊切除术,术前血压为150/98mmHg,HR92次/分,
ITSS规定了IT服务生命周期由5个阶段组成。“定期评审IT服务满足业务运营的情
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性: A.如
患者大便秘结,小便清长,腰膝酸软,舌淡苔白,脉沉迟。治宜选用A.大黄附子汤 B
下列有关发行市场的描述中,错误的是( )。A.在发行市场上,将证券销售给最初购
当原始分数呈偏态分布时,也可以通过转化使之常态化,这一过程是()。单选A.线
患者男,40岁。3个月来间歇性无痛性全血尿,近2天来加重伴有血块.B型超声双肾正
企业获准认证后监督管理工作的主要内容包括( )。A.内部审核 B.认证结束
最新回复
(
0
)