首页
登录
职称英语
Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to dis
Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to dis
游客
2023-09-01
71
管理
问题
Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior managers from feathering their own nests at the expense of their shareholder. The three most popular reforms have been recruiting more outside directors in order to make boards more independent, linking bosses’ pay to various performance measures, and giving bosses share options so that they have the same long-term interests as their shareholders.
These reforms have been widely adopted by America’s larger companies, and surveys suggest that many more companies are thinking of following their, lead. But have they done any good? Three papers presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management in Boston this week suggest not. As is usually the case with boardroom tinkering, the consequences have differed from those intended.
Start with those independent boards. On the face of it, dismissing the boss’s friends from the board and replacing them with outsiders looks a perfect way to make senior managers more accountable. But that is not the conclusion of a study by Professor James Westphal. Instead, he found that bosses with a boardroom full of outsiders spend much of their time building alliances, doing personal favors and generally pleasing the outsiders.
All too often, these seductions succeed. Mr. Westphal found that, to a remarkable degree, "independent" boards pursue strategies that are likely to favor senior managers rather than shareholders. Such companies diversify their business, increase the pay of executives and weaken the link between pay and performances. To assess the impact of performance-related pay, Mr. Westphal asked the bosses of 103 companies with sales of over $1 billion what measurements were used to determine their pay. The measurements varied widely, ranging from sales to earnings per share. But these researchers uncovered a startling finding: executives "attend to measures that affect their own incomes and ignore or play down other factors that determine a company’s overall success".
In Short, bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage, which is probably why they are the people who are put in charge of things. Here is a paradox for the management theorists: any boss who cannot beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having. [br] The author’s attitude toward the efforts to control senior executives would be ______.
选项
A、doubtful
B、optimistic
C、positive
D、approving
答案
A
解析
文章第二段第二句用转折的语气表达了他对改革效果的怀疑态度。由文章第二段末句“后果与预期的目的不同”可推知A项正确。B项optimistic“乐观”、C项positive“肯定”和D项 approving“赞同”均与作者的态度相悖。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2975752.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Americancollegesanduniversitiesconsideranumberofthing
[originaltext]Americancollegesanduniversitiesconsideranumberofthing
[originaltext]Americancollegesanduniversitiesconsideranumberofthing
Goodjobsarescarcethesedays,withroughly15millionAmericansoutofwo
Goodjobsarescarcethesedays,withroughly15millionAmericansoutofwo
[originaltext]DuringtheearlyAmericancolonialyears,cornwasmoreplent
TheAmericanideaofrespectinghumanrightscamefromseveralsources.Firs
TheAmericanideaofrespectinghumanrightscamefromseveralsources.Firs
TheAmericanideaofrespectinghumanrightscamefromseveralsources.Firs
TheAmericanideaofrespectinghumanrightscamefromseveralsources.Firs
随机试题
【B1】[br]【B7】A、visitB、visitedC、visitingB根据句子前面Spacecrafthavealready…出现的hav
Sinceitsfoundingin1948,McDonald’shasgrownfromafamilyburger(汉堡包)st
集体论证通过的选题可分为( )。A.集体选题和单个选题 B.年中选题和年末选
内容分析法有四个特点,而就内容分析的直接目的,即对特定传播内容进行准确的描述和分
对某一级公路水泥稳定碎石基层进行质量评定,请回答以下问题:(5)关于施工质量评定
患者,女,50岁。家属代诉:刚才与人争吵,突然昏倒.不省人事。见面色苍白,汗出,
吸氧过程中需要调节氧流量时,正确的做法是A、先关流量表,再调氧流量 B、先拔出
下列关于现代主义建筑设计观念的表述,哪些项是正确的?( )A.强调形式追随功能
案例: 杨女士,35岁,因患有尿毒症需要不间断地去医院进行血液透析,费用特别高
铜生产企业利用铜期货进行卖出套期保值的情形是()。A.以固定价格签订了远期铜销
最新回复
(
0
)