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  3. At the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, psychology professor Bells

At the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, psychology professor Bells

游客2023-09-01  56
问题     At the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, psychology professor Bells DePaulo got 77 students and 70 townspeople to volunteer for an unusual project. All kept diaries for a week, recording the numbers and details of the lies they told.
    One student and six Charlottesville residents【C1】______ to have told no falsehoods. The other 140 participants told 1535.
    The lies were most often not what most of us would call【C2】______ . Someone would pretend to be more positive or supportive of a spouse or friend than he or she really was, or feign (假装) agreement with a relative’s opinion. According to DePaulo, women in their【C3】______ with other women lied mostly to spare the other’s feelings. Men lied to other men generally for self-promoting reasons.
    For example, 20 000 middle-and high-schoolers【C4】______ devoted themselves to character education. 92 percent of the teenagers admitted having lied to their parents in the previous year, and 73 percent【C5】______ themselves as "serial liars", meaning they told lies weekly. Despite these admissions, 91 percent of ail respondents said they were "satisfied with my own【C6】______   and character".
    Little white lies have become ubiquitous (无处不在的), and the reasons we give each other for telling fibs (小谎) are familiar. Consider, for example, a Southern California corporate executive whom I’ll call Tom. He goes with his wife and son to his mother-in-law’s home for Thanksgiving dinner every year. Tom dislikes her "special" pumpkin pie intensely.【C7】______ he tells her how wonderful it is, to avoid hurting her feelings.
    How often do we【C8】______ people on how well they look, or express our appreciation for gifts when we don’t really mean it? Surely, these nice lies are harmless and well intended, a necessary social lubricant.
    Even seemingly harmless falsehoods can have unforeseen consequences. Philosopher Sissela Bok warns us that they can put us on a slippery slope. "After the first lies, others can come more easily," she wrote in her book Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life. Psychological barriers wear down; the ability to make more distinctions can coarsen; the liar’s【C9】______ of his chances of being caught may warp (歪曲).
    Take the pumpkin-pie lies. In the first place, it wasn’t just that he wanted his mother-in-law to feel good. Whether he realized it or not, he really wanted her to think highly of him. And after the initial【C10】______ he needed to tell more lies to cover up the first one.
A) deceit                     I) surveyed
B) perception                 J) compliment
C) Increasingly               K) trick
D) characterized              L) ethics
E) professed                  M) comment
F) Invariably                 N) act
G) serious-minded             O) earth-shattering
H) interactions [br] 【C5】
选项
答案 D
解析 该句话需要一个动词句意才能完整。characterize“刻划……的性格；表示……的特性”。该句的意思是有73%的人把自己描述成“经常性说谎者”。
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