2. 职称英语
  3. Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American c

Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American c

游客2023-08-29  53
问题     Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed (刺激) physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life.
    By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the pre-modern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the turn of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the city limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years — lots that could have housed five to six million people.
    Of course, many were never occupied; there was always a huge surplus of subdivided, but vacant land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: Urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carried out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth. [br] What does the last sentence imply? ______.
选项
答案 Supply was more than needs
解析 文章的最后一段是讲城市扩张的一个显著特点就是无计划性。开发商在城市的外围公交中转地区和中产阶级预期的地方大量购置土地做住宅区，其目的是制造一种求大于供的局面，实际导致了大量房子空置。芝加哥就是这样一个典型的例子，其隐含的意思就是房子的供应远比人们的需求量大得多。因此答案为Supply was more than needs。
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