2. 职称英语
  3. Every Western doctor is required to take the Hippocratic oath, by which they

Every Western doctor is required to take the Hippocratic oath, by which they

游客2023-08-29  22
问题     Every Western doctor is required to take the Hippocratic oath, by which they swear to never harm their patients. Unfortunately, as medical history shows, many doctors did not make good on this promise. Instead, they resorted to quackery (庸医的医术), and made a living out of fooling people who sought medical help.
    In the past, quack doctors claimed to have "fixed" problems from poor eyesight to cancer and smallpox (天花). They claimed to be able to work medical miracles, relying on public ignorance of medicine for their "success". In addition, well-meaning doctors often advocated treatments that harmed their patients instead of helping them: procedures such as bloodletting often made worse the suffering they were intended to ease.
    The typical feature of quackery is ignorance. Unwary people are easily taken in by claims of the doctors they trust. For example, in the 1800s, psychologists commonly used basket-shaped devices to determine personality, with questionable benefit. Based on the idea that different parts of the brain control different character traits, the devices determined personality by measuring the size and shape of people’s heads!
    Of all the ridiculous devices created by quacks, the most inventive was perhaps the "radionic" machine. In the early 1900s, quacks claimed radionics could diagnose any sickness, even though the devices were just wooden boxes with lights inside. After radionic diagnosis, patients were sent home with the assurance that they would get well. No medicine was prescribed because, quacks claimed, the radionic machine would broadcast the cure to patients, much like radio stations broadcast music!
    The quackery of the 19th and early 20th centuries was not limited to the use of strange devices, nor to crooked doctors. Nor were quack procedures anything new.
    The practice of bloodletting had been a popular treatment for over a millennium. In the name of medicine, large volumes of blood were drained from people’s bodies to cure their sicknesses. Death, more often than not, was the outcome, though usually the disease was blamed rather than the loss of blood.
    It’s easy to look back on the past and brand questionable medical procedures as quackery. However, hindsight (事后聪明) is 20/20. Perhaps in the future, people will look back on some of today’s medical practices with similar suspicion. [br] As a popular medical treatment in the past, bloodletting usually caused death instead of
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答案 curing the sicknesses
解析 根据题干中的“bloodletting usually caused death”可定位到第6段的最后一句。题干中的instead of和文中的rather than是同义表述，该句提到人们通常把死亡的原因归咎于疾病本身，而不是失血问题过多。由此不难确定bloodletting会导致死亡而不是治好疾病，答案为“治好疾病”，但是由于要填写的是一个介词宾语，因此答案是curing the sicknesses而不是cure the sicknesses。
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