首页
登录
职称英语
Graduate education is the Detroit of higher learning. Most graduate programs
Graduate education is the Detroit of higher learning. Most graduate programs
游客
2023-08-28
29
管理
问题
Graduate education is the Detroit of higher learning. Most graduate programs in American universities produce a product for which there is no market and develop skills for which there is diminishing demand, all at a rapidly rising cost.
Widespread hiring freezes and layoffs have brought these problems into sharp relief now. But our graduate system has been in crisis for decades, and the seeds of this crisis go as far back as the formation of modern universities. Kant, in his 1798 work The Conflict of the Faculties, wrote that universities should "handle the entire content of learning by mass production, so to speak, by a division of labor, so that for every branch of the sciences there would be a public teacher or professor appointed as its trustee(理事)".
Unfortunately this mass-production university model has led to separation where there ought to be collaboration and to ever-increasing specialization. In my own religion department, for example, we have 10 faculty members, working in eight subfields, with little overlap. And as departments fragment, research and publication become more and more about less and less. Each academic becomes the trustee not of a branch of the sciences, but of limited knowledge that all too often is irrelevant for genuinely important problems.
The emphasis on narrow scholarship also encourages an educational system that has become a process of cloning. Faculty members cultivate those students whose futures they envision as identical to their own pasts, even though their tenures(终身职位)will stand in the way of these students having futures as full professors.
The dirty secret of higher education is that without underpaid graduate students to help in laboratories and with teaching, universities couldn’t conduct research or even instruct their growing undergraduate populations. That’s one of the main reasons we still encourage people to enroll in doctoral programs.
In other words, young people enroll in graduate programs, work hard for pay to maintain life and assume huge debt burdens, all because of the illusory promise of faculty appointments. But their economical presence, coupled with the intransigence(不妥协)of tenure, ensures that there will always be too many candidates for too few openings.
The other obstacle to change is that colleges and universities are self-regulating or, in academic words, governed by peer review. While trustees and administrations theoretically have some oversight responsibility, in practice, departments operate independently. To complicate matters further, once a faculty member has been granted tenure he is functionally autonomous. Many academics who cry out for the regulation of financial markets strongly oppose it in their own departments.
If American higher education is to thrive in the 21 st century, colleges and universities, like Wall Street and Detroit, must be rigorously regulated and completely restructured. [br] What may the following paragraph talk about?
选项
A、Steps to restructure the graduate education system.
B、Ways to abolish tenure and retain outstanding teachers.
C、The content of The Conflict of the Faculties.
D、The development of Wall Street and Detroit.
答案
A
解析
文章前面几段都是在讲美国研究生教育中存在的弊端,末段说假如美国高等教育要在二十一世纪繁荣起来,大学或者院校就应该像华尔街或者底特律一样,必须得到严格的管理,并进行彻底的重组。结合文章主题——研究生教育改革,便可推断接下来的段落可能会讲如何调整机构,即改革研究生教育的措施,故答案为[A]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2965221.html
相关试题推荐
Byeducation,Imeantheinfluenceoftheenvironmentupontheindividualto
Byeducation,Imeantheinfluenceoftheenvironmentupontheindividualto
Byeducation,Imeantheinfluenceoftheenvironmentupontheindividualto
Freshcollegegraduates______(被认为应当热爱他们的工作).areexpectedtobeenthusiasticabou
MyViewonOnlineEducation1.目前网络教育很普及2.你认为网络教育普及的原因3.你的看法Onlineeducatio
[originaltext]InAmerica,driver’seducationispartoftheregularhighsc
Thereisaconsensusonthehighvalueofpostsecondaryeducation.Thatmore
Thereisaconsensusonthehighvalueofpostsecondaryeducation.Thatmore
Thephrase"progressiveeducation"isone,ifnotprotest,atleastofcontr
Thephrase"progressiveeducation"isone,ifnotprotest,atleastofcontr
随机试题
ThetablebelowgivesinformationaboutchangesinmodesoftravelinEnglan
WhogaveNewYorkitsnickname?[br][originaltext]M:Areyoureadyforthetri
[originaltext]W:Hello.Flagstone.M:Ohhello.IsthatFlagstoneProperties?W
2006~2008年,该省平均每年进出口总额约为;A.650亿元 B.
水肿的发病病机中,其标在肺,其制在脾,其本在A.三焦 B.膀胱 C.肾 D
A.细菌感染B.痛风C.平滑肌痉挛D.疟疾E.中重度疼痛东莨菪碱主要用于治疗
1948年10月2日,刘少奇同志在同华北记者团谈话时,讲了一个希腊神话故事:巨人
以凉血止血、利水通淋为主要功能的方剂是( )。A.八正散 B.猪苓汤 C.
甲和乙分别属于两股流氓团伙,一天两团伙在街头争地盘时发生打斗,打斗中甲持刀朝乙脑
某建设工程职业健康安全事故,造成40人死亡,30人重伤,直接经济损失为500万元
最新回复
(
0
)