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There are several hypotheses about the origins of the first Neolithic settle
There are several hypotheses about the origins of the first Neolithic settle
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2023-08-24
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问题
There are several hypotheses about the origins of the first Neolithic settlers in Ireland, but most of these contain problems. For instance, there are【B1】______archaeological difficulties about the theory that they came from England. The evidence doesn’t really add up. But there are even greater practical problems about the theory that they came directly from continental Europe. For one thing, it’s not clear just how【B2】______numbers of men and women could have been transported to Ireland to establish a viable population. As you know, the【B3】______economy which existed beforehand was based on small scattered groups. The farming economy would almost certainly have required much larger communities to do all the work needed to plant and tend sufficient crops to【B4】______them through the year.
The early farmers kept various animals, including cattle and sheep. There’s also evidence of pigs, but it is possible that these could have been【B5】______the native wild species. Now, we know from modern farming that if the level of breeding stock falls【B6】______about three hundred females, the future of the species locally is【B7】______. So we must assume that from the beginnings of Neolithic farming the number of breeding sheep would have considerably【B8】______three hundred, and the national cattle herd must have been of a similar size. The question is how these were brought to the area and where they came from.
It’ s usually suggested that the Neolithic settlers used skin-covered boats to transport livestock. But this method would have severely restricted the range of the colonising【B9】______. The sheer volume of animal transport necessary means it’ s【B10】______that this livestock could have been brought from anywhere further than England. [br] 【B3】
There are several hypotheses about the origins of the first Neolithic settlers in Ireland, but most of these contain problems. For instance, there are(26)considerable archaeological difficulties about the theory that they came from England. The evidence doesn’ t really add up. But there are even greater practical problems about the theory that they came directly from continental Europe. For one thing, it’s not clear just how(27)sufficient numbers of men and women could have been transported to Ireland to establish a viable population. As you know, the(28)hunter-gatherer economy which existed beforehand was based on small scattered groups. The farming economy would almost certainly have required much larger communities to do all the work needed to plant and tend sufficient crops to(29)sustain them through the year.
The early farmers kept various animals, including cattle and sheep. There’s also evidence of pigs, but it is possible that these could have been(30)descended from the native wild species. Now, we know from modern farming that if the level of breeding stock falls(31)below about three hundred females, the future of the species locally is(32)at risk. So we must assume that from the beginnings of Neolithic farming the number of breeding sheep would have considerably(33)exceeded three hundred, and the national cattle herd must have been of a similar size. The question is how these were brought to the area and where they came from.
It’ s usually suggested that the Neolithic settlers used skin-covered boats to transport livestock. But this method would have severely restricted the range of the colonising(34)fleets. The sheer volume of animal transport necessary means it’ s(35)unlikely that this livestock could have been brought from anywhere further than England.
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答案
hunter—gatherer
解析
此处填名词hunter-gatherer,意为“狩猎采果者”,主要考查单词的拼写。
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