2. 职称英语
  3. 孔府，旧称衍圣公府，西与孔庙毗邻，为历代衍圣公的官署和私邸，是我国现在唯一较完整的明代公爵府。孔府与孔庙、孔林合称“三孔”，是中国重点文物保护单位，199

孔府，旧称衍圣公府，西与孔庙毗邻，为历代衍圣公的官署和私邸，是我国现在唯一较完整的明代公爵府。孔府与孔庙、孔林合称“三孔”，是中国重点文物保护单位，199

游客2023-08-09  37
问题    孔府，旧称衍圣公府，西与孔庙毗邻，为历代衍圣公的官署和私邸，是我国现在唯一较完整的明代公爵府。孔府与孔庙、孔林合称“三孔”，是中国重点文物保护单位，1994年12月被列为世界文化遗产。由于孔子创立的儒家思想(Confucianism)对维护社会统治安定所起到的重要作用，历代封建皇帝为显示对孔子的尊重，不断赏赐其许多珍贵的文物，这些文物都被收藏在孔府内。
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答案    The Confucius Mansion, formerly known as the Mansion of Duke Yansheng, is adjacent to the Confucius Temple in the west. It was the official space and private residence of the Duke of Yansheng in the past dynasties, and the only relatively complete imperial palace in Ming Dynasty. The Confucius Mansion, the Confucius Temple and the Cemetery of Confucius are collectively known as San Kong, or "the Three Confucian Sites" , which are the Key Cultural Relics Units under the State Protection and were listed as World Cultural Heritage sites in December, 1994. Since Confucianism created by Confucius played an important role in maintaining social ruling and stability, the feudal emperors in the past dynasties, in order to show their respect for Confucius, continuously rewarded him with many precious cultural relics, which were all collected in the Confucius Mansion.
解析 1．第一句较长，涵盖内容多，为了避免句子累赘，可拆分为两句译出。“旧称”可译为formerly known as，作同位语；“与……毗邻”除了译为系表结构be adjacent to以外，还可译为动词结构border on；“历代”可译为the past dynasties：“私邸”即私人住宅，可译为private residence。
2．翻译第二句时，可以将第一个分句译为主句，后面的内容译为定语从句。该句中专有名词较多，考查学生的日常积累，要注意专有名词首字母应大写。“中国重点文物保护单位”可译为the Key Cultural Relics Units under the State Protection。
3．翻译第三句时，分析句子结构可知，主句是“历代封建皇帝不断赏赐其许多珍贵的文物”；“由于……的重要作用”为原因状语，可译为since／because等引导的原因状语从句；“为显示对孔子的尊重”为目的状语，可译为插入语。“维护社会统治安定”可译为maintain social ruling and stability；“显示对……的尊重”可译为“show one’s respect for…”。
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