[originaltext] Moderator: Hello, ladies and gentlemen. It gives me great

Moderator:
    Hello, ladies and gentlemen. It gives me great honor to introduce our speaker for today’s lecture, Dr. Brick Wood. Dr. Wood, professor of philosophy at Washington University, has written numerous articles and books on the issues about philosophy used in our life, instead of the difficult jargons.
    Dr. Wood:
    Thank you for that introduction. I feel honored to give a speech here. Most people have a general interest in philosophy. Plus, it may surprise you how many people have taken a philosophy class or read some philosophy books. Most people at least have some basic knowledge about well-known philosophers and their ideas. Nonetheless, remember when talking in a general setting to avoid getting too technical. For example, avoid the jargon that mostly only philosophers use. Also, do not cite specific philosophers or books too much, as outside of philosophy-focused academia people may not know much about such topics.
    You can ensure not to exclude anybody by keeping the discussion focused on the ideas and opinions of only the people involved. Tell others what you think about certain philosophical topics, and ask them what they think about those topics. Ask them philosophical questions, such as "What do you think is the meaning of life?"
    You will get people to talk philosophy more often if they enjoy it and feel comfortable. For that reason, avoid talking down to anyone or talking to them in a condescending or patronizing tone. Create a comfortable atmosphere for others to put forward their ideas.
    You may have the desire to try to show off. However, doing that would just make others not want to discuss philosophy with you. Do not try to impress people by purposely talking about topics they do not know well. Do not try to impress them with your knowledge of people, books, or facts that they do not know. Do not use big words that they do not understand (and that you probably barely understand) to try and impress them. You will just make them feel bad, and make yourself look arrogant, neither of which will foster quality discussion. Just speak your mind in a way that the others will understand best.
    Also, avoid rambling. When telling others your philosophical thoughts you can easily just ramble on and on, which will bore others. Instead, sum up your thoughts in quicker, simpler statements, and then give the other person a chance to talk.
    The normal etiquette and tricks of conversation should also apply. Others will judge you and the conversation based on your listening skills more than your speaking skills. Listen intently to what others say, and ask them questions about it, so they know you listened. Additionally, asking questions will keep the conversation going on. To spark further conversation, ask open-ended questions.
    Whatever you do, good luck and have fun! Thanks for listening!
    Questions 16 to 19 are based on the recording you have just heard.
    16.What does the introduction say about Dr. Wood’s articles and books?
    17.What is the benefit of keeping the discussion focused on the people involved?
    18.What may happen if you show off your philosophical knowledge?
    19.What should you do to avoid rambling?