首页
登录
职称英语
A classic series of experiments to determine the effects of overpopulation o
A classic series of experiments to determine the effects of overpopulation o
游客
2023-07-28
64
管理
问题
A classic series of experiments to determine the effects of overpopulation on communities of rats was conducted by a psychologist, John Calhoun. In each experiment, an equal number of male and female rats were placed in an enclosure. The rat populations were allowed to increase. Calhoun knew from experience approximately how many rats could live in the enclosures without experiencing stress due to overcrowding. He allowed the population to increase to approximately twice this number. Then he stabilized the population by removing offspring that were not dependent on their mothers. At the end of the experiments, Calhoun was able to conclude that overcrowding causes a breakdown in the normal social relationships among rats, a kind of social disease. The rats in the experiments did not follow the same patterns of behavior as rats would in a community without overcrowding.
The females in the rat population were the most seriously affected by the high population density. For example, mothers sometimes abandoned their pups, and, without their mothers’ care, the pups died. The experiments verified that in overpopulated communities, mother rats do not behave normally. Their behavior may be considered diseased, pathological (病理学的).
The dominant males in the rat population were the least affected by overpopulation. Each of these strong males claimed an area of the enclosure as his own. Therefore, these individuals did not experience the overcrowding in the same way as the other rats did. However, dominant males did behave pathologically at times. Their antisocial behavior consisted of attacks on weaker male, female, and immature rats. This deviant (不正常的) behavior showed that even though the dominant males had enough living space, they too were affected by the general overcrowding.
Non-dominant males in the experimental rat communities also exhibited deviant social behavior. Some withdrew completely, avoiding contact with other rats. Other non-dominant males were hyperactive, chasing other rats and fighting each other.
The behavior of the rat population has parallels in human behavior. People in densely populated areas exhibit deviant behavior similar to that of rats in Calhoun’s experiments. In large urban areas, such as New York City, London, and Cairo, there are abandoned children. There are cruel, powerful individuals, both men and women. There are also people who withdraw and people who become hyperactive. Is the principal cause of these disorders overpopulation? Calhoun’s experiments suggest that it might be. In any case, social scientists and city planners have been influenced by the results of this series of experiments. [br] According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
选项
A、Dominant males had adequate living space.
B、Dominant males were not seriously affected by overcrowding as the other rats.
C、Dominant males attacked weaker rats.
D、The strongest males are always able to adapt to bad conditions.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2876382.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Togetadriver’slicense,youmusttakeaseriesoftests.T
Therearetwofactorsthatdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirst
Therearetwofactorsthatdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirst
Therearetwofactorsthatdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirst
Therearetwofactorsthatdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirst
Therearetwofactorsthatdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirst
Therearetwofactorsthatdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirst
[originaltext]Thefoodweeatseemstohaveproducedprofoundeffectsonou
[originaltext]Thefoodweeatseemstohaveproducedprofoundeffectsonou
[originaltext]Thefoodweeatseemstohaveproducedprofoundeffectsonou
随机试题
Telecommuting—substitutingthecomputerforthetriptothejob—hasbeen
喷射混凝土的喷射工艺有()。A.干喷 B.湿喷 C.潮喷 D.水喷
女性,50岁,发现血糖高10年,血糖控制欠佳1个月。入院时空腹血糖17.8mmo
李某以前在银行工作,现在上海期货交易所工作,张某、赵某、王某、罗某想要投资上海期
艾宾浩斯通过对无意义音节的学习来研究遗忘,他的研究结果被画成曲线,得出遗忘的规律
求助者一般资料:男性,33岁,公司经理,未婚。 临床表现:求助者几个月前,因
肾功能不全患者给药方案调整方法有A.减小剂量 B.延长给药间隔时间 C.减少
ABC公司研制成功一种新产品,现在需要决定是否大规模投产,有关资料如下: (1
股票的价值是指其实际股利所得和资本利得所形成的现金流入量的现值。()
急性化脓性腹膜炎的手术指征中,下列哪项是错误的A.弥漫性腹膜炎无局限趋势 B.
最新回复
(
0
)