首页
登录
职称英语
Gulf Wracked By Katrina’s Latest Legacy--Disease, Poisons, Mold A mo
Gulf Wracked By Katrina’s Latest Legacy--Disease, Poisons, Mold A mo
游客
2023-07-24
41
管理
问题
Gulf Wracked By Katrina’s Latest Legacy--Disease, Poisons, Mold
A month after Hurricane Katrina tore through the U.S. Gulf Coast, medical experts are now straggling with the latest crisis in the region: contamination(污染).
Katrina left New Orleans and other communities tainted with oil, sewage, and possibly poisons leached from federal toxic waste sites, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) says.
The pollution, combined with the lack of regular medical services in the region, has raised serious questions about the safety of New Orleans and other coastal towns as people longing for home begin to go back.
"I don’t think New Orleans is safe for people to return to, from a public health and environmental health standpoint," said Miriam Aschkenasy, an environmental health expert working with Oxfam America in the region.
Much of the contamination rests in the brown, filmy sediment(沉淀物) left behind by Katrina’s polluted floodwaters.
Recent EPA tests of the sediment confirmed high levels of E. coli bacteria, oil and gas chemicals, and lead, as well as varying quantities of arsenic.
The health risks posed by the sediment are immediate, experts say, because the sludge (淤泥) is nearly impossible for returning residents to avoid. In New Orleans, it covers every surface that was flooded, from cars and now-dead lawns to the entire contents of flooded homes, stores, hospitals, and schools.
"When people come back, they are exposed to the sediment," said Wilma Subra, a chemist from New Iberia, Louisiana, who is analyzing the sediment. "It’s in their yards and houses."
Old Pollution Resurfacing
Plaquemines Parish, a rural county on the peninsula south of New Orleans, is now covered with even more toxic sediment than it was two weeks ago, thanks to Hurricane Rita.
"Six inches up to one foot (15 to 30 centimeters) of sludge," Subra reported.
Much of the sludge in Plaquemines is the product of nearby bayous and bay bottoms, where sediment was lifted up by Katrina’s and Rita’s storm surges.
The sediment has been polluted over the years with industrial chemicals and heavy metals, said Subra, who ’tested the sediment for the Southern Mutual Help Association, a nonprofit organization in New Iberia, Louisiana.
"These water bodies have received industrial wastes for decades," she said. "This material has toxic chemicals, metals, and organic petrochemicals(石化产品)."
Matters have only been made worse by multiple oil spills caused by Katrina and Rita. According to the U.S. Coast Guard, 11 oil spills have occurred in southern Louisiana, totaling 7.4 million gallons (28 million liters) of oil, most of which has been contained.
Bacteria levels are also especially high in the Plaquemines sludge, said Rodney Mallett, spokesperson for the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality.
"The sewage treatment plants were underwater," he explained. "Between the animal waste and the human waste, you’ve got a lot of bacteria."
Protection Kits
Health and environmental agencies are advising people to avoid contact with the sludge. They recommend that people wear gloves, goggles, and dust masks, and that they wash promptly if exposure occurs.
EPA officials are directing people to its Web site (www.epa.gov) to inform themselves of the contamination risks.
But most people returning to the area don’t have computers to get that information, said Erik Olson, an attorney for the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental advocacy group.
"If you [do] read the Web site," he added, "you practically have to have a degree in chemistry to understand it."
To better inform people of health risks, the Southern Mutual Help Association and Oxfam America are developing a program to give every returning resident a protective kit.
Each kit would contain waterproof suits, goggles (风镜), shoe covers, and masks, along with information about potential hazards. Volunteers would give out the kits at the security checkpoints that now stand at the major entrances to affected cities.
The groups have made a hundred demonstration kits, which cost about $100 (U.S.) each to produce, and have shown them to state leaders in Louisiana.
"The governor is really in favor of this," Subra said. "We just have to determine how we’re going to fund them."
Toxic Mold Blooms
In addition to the toxic sediment, sprawling blooms of mold have now taken hold in many flooded homes. "The mold is growing everywhere--homes are just coated with it," Subra said.
The problem has become so widespread that federal health officials warned Wednesday of allergic reactions and toxic responses to the mold. Professionals should be hired to clean mold that covers more than tan square feet (one square meter), they urged. "Those [surfaces] that can’t be cleaned need to be removed," said Steven Redd, chief of the Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
The effects of the mold are already surfacing in Mississippi, where respiratory (呼吸的) problems are among the illnesses doctors there are reporting.
"We’re seeing a lot of asthma from inhaling the mold," said Richard Paat, team leader of a temporary East Biloxi clinic. "And mouth sores from the bad water."
Due to contact with unclean water, 33 people in the flood zone have contracted Vibrio infections, according to the CDC. The infections are caused by a family of bacteria that live in contaminated salt water. They can cause serious illness, especially in people with compromised immune systems.
To date, six people have died from Vibrio infections.
"People had open wounds and walked through floodwater with sewage in it," CDC spokesperson Von Roebuck said.
"And these folks were having these wounds infected with Vibrio."
Disaster Response Care
"This is a highly contaminated area," said Susan Briggs, the physician overseeing FEMA’s disaster-response medical teams in Louisiana and Alabama.
Her teams have been inoculating residents for tetanus and Hepatitis A and B. Hepatitis is a danger when people are exposed to sewage, through water or food, Briggs explained. Tetanus can occur when people cut themselves on unclean materials, as may happen when cleaning debris.
The rudimentary (根本的) living conditions in many Katrina-struck areas make it more likely that people will get sick and injured, Briggs said.
"They have no electricity, no clean water, no air conditioning," she said. "There are collapsed structures and stray animals. There are huge amounts of stray dogs, and people have been bitten."
Briggs and other doctors in the area have been treating many cases of diarrhea, rashes, and upper-respiratory illnesses.
All of these conditions are to be expected after natural disasters, according to the CDC. But it’s too soon to know if these ailments are related to contamination, the CDC’s Roebuck said.
"We’re looking at that question," he said. "We’d like to know the answer." [br] The rudimentary living conditions in many Katrina-struck areas make it more likely that people will get ____________.
选项
答案
sick and injured。
解析
题干讲到受灾区的基本生活条件,已不涉及mold的内容,估计答案在Disaster Response Care下,用Katrina-struck定位原文,答案在第三段。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2865014.html
相关试题推荐
Itisafamouswebsiteto____________(提拱最新的国内新闻).provide/offerthelatestdomes
GulfWrackedByKatrina’sLatestLegacy--Disease,Poisons,MoldAmo
GulfWrackedByKatrina’sLatestLegacy--Disease,Poisons,MoldAmo
GulfWrackedByKatrina’sLatestLegacy--Disease,Poisons,MoldAmo
GulfWrackedByKatrina’sLatestLegacy--Disease,Poisons,MoldAmo
GulfWrackedByKatrina’sLatestLegacy--Disease,Poisons,MoldAmo
GulfWrackedByKatrina’sLatestLegacy--Disease,Poisons,MoldAmo
[originaltext]Themotel,ormotorinn,isthelatestkindofplaceinwhich
Itisimpossibleforustobewellinformedofthelatestdevelopmentinscience
Accordingtothelatestsurvey,GeorgeW.BushJr.doesn’thaveachancetowin
随机试题
Officialhealthadvicethatsaidhouseholdchoreshelpkeepyouactivehasb
数字出版对印制环节最直接的影响是( )。A.产品设计完成后仅需通过“数字化复制
在混声四部合唱中,男低音声部的音域一般是()。
半抗原与蛋白质载体或高分子聚合物结合后才具有免疫原性,最常用的蛋白质类载体为A.
在日常的安全管理工作中由( )负责监察。 A、公司工程管理中心 B、公司
肝素和双香豆素均可用于A.弥散性血管内凝血 B.抗高脂血症 C.脑出血 D
2020年1-12月份,全市固定资产投资3815.36亿元,同比增长6.1%。房
以下对人力资本的理解不正确的是()。A:人力资本是活的资本 B:人力资本
急进性肾小球肾炎的甲基强的松龙冲击治疗主要适用于A.Ⅰ型 B.Ⅱ型 C.
系统可以对()期末结账。A、如果是多个工资类别,则应将不同的工资类别分别进行
最新回复
(
0
)