首页
登录
职称英语
Universities Branch OutA)As never before in their long
Universities Branch OutA)As never before in their long
游客
2023-07-05
38
管理
问题
Universities Branch Out
A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.
B)In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more selfconsciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative(合作的)research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.
C)Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.
D)Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships(实习)abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.
E)Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculties, post-doctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’ s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, post-doctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.
F)As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure(基础设施)and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.
G)For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflations since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.
H)American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.
I)Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history— strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students. [br] From 1975 to 2004, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.
选项
答案
C
解析
题干:从1975年到2004年,留学生的入学人数每年以3.9%的年增长率增长。题干的关键词为3.9 percent,在文中定位到C段,第二句说到每年出国留学的学生比例为3.9%,与题干吻合。故选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2810986.html
相关试题推荐
ManyfamiliesintheUnitedStateshavealargerincomenowthaneverbefore
ManyfamiliesintheUnitedStateshavealargerincomenowthaneverbefore
ManyfamiliesintheUnitedStateshavealargerincomenowthaneverbefore
ManyfamiliesintheUnitedStateshavealargerincomenowthaneverbefore
Manypeopleoftenenjoyeatingout【C1】______beforeorafteravisittothet
Manypeopleoftenenjoyeatingout【C1】______beforeorafteravisittothet
MinorityReportA)Americanuniversitiesareacceptin
MinorityReportA)Americanuniversitiesareacceptin
MinorityReportA)Americanuniversitiesareacceptin
MinorityReportA)Americanuniversitiesareacceptin
随机试题
A.understoodB.lengthC.optimismD.bridalE.happenedF.evenG.ide
Theoceanbottom—aregionnearly2.5timesgreaterthanthetotallandar
AirConditionerPanasonicAirConditionersprovideprecisepowercontrol
Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentorsemi-permanent-changeofresid
某新建枢纽工程,Ⅲ类土开挖80000m3,弃土平均运距5km,计划工期75工日,
青海因境内有国内最大的内陆咸水湖()而得名,简称“青”。A.纳木错 B.青海
()是指测绘成果满足国家规定的测绘技术规范和标准,以及满足用户期望目标值的程度。
第一步就是明确爱是一种艺术,正如生活是一种艺术一样。①我们想知道如何爱,②必须遵
B本题属于构造法类题目。通过分析可知,当第2至第10名箱子重量相等时,最重箱子重量最重。假设其余箱子的i量是X,那么最重的箱子童量为2.5x,也就是说9x+
简述组织职业生涯管理的概念。
最新回复
(
0
)