首页
登录
职称英语
Iron production was revolutionized in the early eighteenth century when coke
Iron production was revolutionized in the early eighteenth century when coke
游客
2023-07-02
46
管理
问题
Iron production was revolutionized in the early eighteenth century when coke was first used instead of charcoal(木炭)for refining iron ore. Previously the poor quality of the iron had restricted its use in architecture to items such as chains and tie bars for supporting arches, vaults(拱顶),and walls. With the improvement in refining ore, it was now possible to make cast-iron beams and columns. During the nineteenth century further advances were made, notably Bessemer’s process for converting iron into steel, which made the material more commercially feasible.
Iron was rapidly adopted for the construction of bridges, because its strength was far greater than that of stone or timber, but its use in the architecture of buildings developed more slowly. By 1800 a complete internal iron skeleton for buildings had been developed in industrial architecture replacing traditional timber beams, but it generally remained concealed. Apart from its low cost, the appeal of iron as a building material lay in its strength, its resistance to fire, and its potential to span vast areas. As a result, iron became increasingly popular as a structural material for more traditional styles of architecture during the nineteenth century, but it was invariably concealed.
Significantly, the use of exposed iron occurred mainly in the new building types produced by the Industrial Revolution: in factories, warehouses, commercial offices, exhibition halls, and railroad stations, where its practical advantages far outweighed its lack of status. Designers of the railroad stations of the new age explored the potential of iron, covering huge areas with spans that surpassed the great vaults of medieval churches and cathedrals. Paxton’s Crystal Palace, designed to house the Great Exhibition of 1851,covered an area of 1848 feet by 408 feet in assembled units of glass set in iron frames. The Paris Exhibition of 1889 included both the widest span and the greatest height achieved so far with the Halle des Machines, spanning 362 feet, and the Eiffel Tower 1,000 feet high. However, these achievements were mocked by the artists of Paris as expensive and ugly foolishness. Iron, despite its structural advantages, had little aesthetic(审美的)status. The use of an exposed iron structure in the more traditional styles of architecture was slower to develop. [br] What does the passage mainly discuss?
选项
A、Advances in iron processing in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
B、The effects of the Industrial Revolution on traditional architectural styles.
C、Advantages of stone and timber over steel as building materials.
D、The evolution of the use of iron in architecture.
答案
D
解析
主旨题。本文从炼铁技术革新讲起,到铁被用于建筑内部,再到外显钢铁在建筑中的应用,可见文章的主旨为铁的建筑用途的发展,故答案为D)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2800912.html
相关试题推荐
MuchofCanada’sforestryproductiongoestowardsmakingpulpandpaper.Acc
MoreattentionwaspaidtothequalityofproductioninFranceatthetimeo
MoreattentionwaspaidtothequalityofproductioninFranceatthetimeo
Intheearly20thcentury,fewthingsweremoreappealingthanthepromiseo
Intheearly20thcentury,fewthingsweremoreappealingthanthepromiseo
Intheearly20thcentury,fewthingsweremoreappealingthanthepromiseo
MuchofCanada’sforestryproductiongoestowardsmakingpulpandpaper.Acc
MuchofCanada’sforestryproductiongoestowardsmakingpulpandpaper.Acc
MuchofCanada’sforestryproductiongoestowardsmakingpulpandpaper.Acc
MuchofCanada’sforestryproductiongoestowardsmakingpulpandpaper.Acc
随机试题
•Readthearticlebelowaboutdecisionrightsinacompany.•Choosethecorrect
[originaltext]W:Michael,doyougoouttowork?M:(23)Notregularly.Iused
公共管理新策略不包括()。A.民营化 B.顾客导向 C.企业型政府 D.
有“鼓槌状”外形的是A.知母B.天麻C.金银花D.羚羊角E.党参
早期诊断急性心肌梗死的最好标志物是A:ASTB:ALTC:cTnD:CK-
各种运输方式内外部的各个方面的构成和联系,就是( )。 A.运输系统
关于配筋砌块抗震墙房屋的抗震墙布置,下列选项错误的是()。A..为使抗震
单位应建立货币资金业务授权批准制度,对于重要货币资金支付业务,应实行集体决策和审
送电线路的导线与地面、建筑物、树木、铁路、道路、架空线路等的距离计算中,下列哪些
对于常规的技术方案,在采用直线内插法近似求解财务内部收益率时,近似解与精确解之间
最新回复
(
0
)