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1978年底召开的中共第十一届三中全会(The Third Plenary Session of the CPC 11th Central Commit
1978年底召开的中共第十一届三中全会(The Third Plenary Session of the CPC 11th Central Commit
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2023-06-19
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问题
1978年底召开的
中共第十一届三中全会
(The Third Plenary Session of the CPC 11th Central Committce)代表了新中国历史上一个意义深远的转折点。自1979年起,中国开始实施由邓小平发起的改革开放政策。对重新调整经济结构及改革经济、政治制度做了较大努力。中国正在逐步建立一条引导走向社会主义现代化的有中国特色的道路。自1979年起,中国已发生巨大变化。国家形势比以往好,人民正享受到比以往任何时候都更多的物质利益。
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答案
The Third Plenary Session of the CPC 11th Central Committee held at the end of 1978 represented a profound turning point in the history of new China. Since the launch of the Reform and Opening-up Policy, (which was) initiated by Deng Xiaoping, in 1979, major efforts have been made to readjust the economic structure, and reform the economic and political systems. China is, step by step, establishing a road with Chinese characteristics, a road that will lead to socialist modernization. Great changes have come about in China since 1979. The situation in the country is the best ever, and the people are enjoying more material benefits than ever before.
解析
1.在第1句中,因会议名称较长,故可考虑把“1978年底召开的”译为过去分词短语“held at the end of 1978”,作后置定语,以使句子结构更平衡。“召开(会议)”用动词“hold”来表达,其过去分词为held。
2.“改革开放政策”的英文字数不少,故定语“由邓小平发起的”可译为which引导的非限制性定语从句或过去分词短语作后置定语;“由……发起的”译为“initiated by…”。
3.第3句无主语,故可考虑译为被动态,即“较大的努力被用来(maior efforts have been made)”,而“对重新调整……及改革……”在此处则要用不定式短语的形式来表达,即“to readjust…and reform…”。
4.第2、3句句意均简单,且联系紧密(“改革开放”是第4句意义上的主句),故可考虑将这两句合译。将前一句处理成since引导的时间状语。将两句分开译也可接受,这时可将第2句译成In 1979,China began to launch/adopt the Reform and Opening-up p05cy,which was initiated by…。
5.“道路”前有两个定语且字数多,故可把第一个定语“引导走向社会主义现代化的”译为定语从句,因“有中国特色的”译作了后置定语(a road with Chinese characteristics),为了使定语从句的先行词更加明晰,可在定语从句前再重提一下该先行词,即把定语从句译为“a road that will lead to socialist modernization”。
6.“自……起,中国已……”也应采用完成时态。而“发生变化”通常用主动态来表达,故此处可译为“Great changes have come about/have taken place”。
7.“比以往好”也就是“最好”。可考虑用最高级形式来表达(is the best ever)。“人民正享受到……”说明要用进行时态,即“the people are enjoying…”。
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