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  3. Text 3 In 2010,a federal judge shook Ame

Text 3 In 2010,a federal judge shook Ame

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问题 Text 3 In 2010,a federal judge shook America's biotech industry to its core.Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades—by 2005 some 20%of human genes were patented.But in March 2012 a judge ruled that genes were unpatentable.Executives were violently agitated.The Biotechnology Industry Organization（BIO）,a trade group,assured members that this was just a“preliminary step”in a longer battle.On July 29th they were relieved,at least temporarily.A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision,ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed hold patents to two genes that help forecast a woman's risk of breast cancer.The chief executive of Myriad,a company in Utah,said the ruling was a blessing to firms and patients alike.But as companies continue their attempts at personalized medicine,the courts will remain rather busy.The Myriad case itself is probably not over.Critics make three main arguments against gene patents:a gene is a product of nature,so it may not be patented;gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it;and patents’monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad's.A growing number seem to agree.Last year a federal taskforce urged reform for patents related to genetic tests.In October the Department of Justice filed a brief in the Myriad case,arguing that an isolated DNA molecule“is no less a product of nature…than are cotton fibres that have been separated from cotton seeds.”Despite the appeals court's decision,big questions remain unanswered.For example,it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it.The case may yet reach the Supreme Court.As the industry advances,however,other suits may have an even greater impact.Companies are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules—most are unlikely patented or in the public domain.Firms are now studying how genes interact,looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of disease or predict a drug's efficacy.Companies are eager to win patents for“connecting the dots，”explains Hans Sauer,a lawyers for the BIO.Their success may be determined by a suit related to this issue,brought by the Mayo Clinic,which the Supreme Court will hear in its next term.The BIO recently held a convention which included sessions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents.Each meeting was packed.It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that the biotech companies would like_____A.their executives to be activeB.judges to rule out gene patentingC.genes to be patentableD.the BIO to issue a warning
选项 A.their executives to be active
B.judges to rule out gene patenting
C.genes to be patentable
D.the BIO to issue a warning
答案 C
解析 推理题【命题思路】这是一道开放式推理题，需要对文章第一段内容进行锁定，从而把握清楚生物技术公司对于专利申请的立场。【直击答案】第一段首句提到2010年，联邦的一项决定震惊了美国的生物科技产业；第二句提到近几十年来，许多公司都可以对基因申请专利，接下来第三、四句发生转折，提出在2012年3月，一名法官裁定基因不可以被授予专利，由此引起公司高管的狂躁不安，末句更是提到生物技术行业组织向其成员保证这只是长期斗争中的“初级阶段”，由此可以判断，高管们是期望能够申请专利的，因此确定C项为正确答案。【干扰排除】B项与原文信息相反，原文谈及的是高管们对于不能申请专利表示不安，要进行长期斗争，可知他们是想要申请基因专利。A项属于偷换概念，文章虽提到了高管，但指出他们是“violently agitated”而非“active”。第一段末句提到该组织向其成员保证专利申请还需要做长期斗争来争取，但并没有提及该组织发布警告，C项属于无中生有。
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