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  3. Text 1 Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs

Text 1 Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs

练习题库2022-08-02  25
问题 Text 1 Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs's board as an outside director in January 2000;a year later she became president of Brown University.For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much criticism.But by the end of 2009 Ms.Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman's compensation committee;how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked?By February the next year Ms.Simmons had left the board.The position was just taking up too much time,she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful,yet less biased,advisers on a firm's board.Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere,they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive's proposals.If the sky,and the share price,is falling,outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database that covered more than 10，000 firms and more than 64，000 different directors between 1989 and 2004.Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next.The most likely reason for departing a board was age,so the researchers concentrated on those“surprise”disappearances by directors under the age of 70.They found that after a surprise departure,the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increases by nearly 20%.The likelihood of being named in a federal classaction lawsuit also increases,and the stock is likely to perform worse.The effect tended to be larger for larger firms.Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive,it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship.Often they“trade up，”leaving riskier,smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news break,even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred.Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives.Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms.Simmons,once again very popular on campus.According to Paragraph 1,Ms.Simmons was criticized for_____A.gaining excessive profitsB.failing to fulfill her dutyC.refusing to make compromisesD.leaving the board in tough times
选项 A.gaining excessive profits
B.failing to fulfill her duty
C.refusing to make compromises
D.leaving the board in tough times
答案 B
解析 推理题【命题思路】这是一道封闭式推理题，需要对第一段进行锁定，从而得出答案。【直击答案】根据题干关键词Paragraph 1和Ms.Simmons was criticized for定位到首段第三句。文中短语“be under fire”是对题干中“criticized”一词的同义替换，答案在“for”后的部分。这句话用一个反问句说明她做的事情，作为薪酬委员会的成员让巨额款项流失，属失职行为，因此答案选B项。【干扰排除】A项的干扰来自“have let those enormous bonus payouts pass”，发放巨额奖金是对其他人而言，而获得太多利益是针对个人，主体不同，故A项不对。C项“拒绝妥协”属于无中生有，原文首段并未提到。D项属于因果颠倒，“the next year Ms.Simmons had left the board”，并不是受到批评的原因，而是结果。
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英语二研究生

研究生入学

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