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Text 2 America rarely looks to Brussels

admin2022-08-02  13
问题 Text 2 America rarely looks to Brussels for guidance.Commercial freedom appeals more than governmental control.But when it comes to data privacy,the case for copying the best bits of the European Union's approach is compelling.The General Data Protection Regulation（GDPR）is due to come into force next month.It is rules-heavy and has its flaws,but its premise that consumers should be in charge of their personal data is the right one.The law lets users gain access to,and to correct,information that firms hold on them.It gives consumers the right to transfer their data to another organisation.It requires companies to define how they keep data secure.And it lets regulators levy big fines if firms break the rules.America has enacted privacy rules in areas such as health care.But it has never passed an overarching data-protection law.The failings of America's self-regulatory approach are becoming clearer by the week.Large parts of the online economy are fuelled by data that consumers spray around without thought.Companies'mysterious privacy policies obscure what they do with their users'information,which often amounts to pretty much anything they please.Facebook is embroiled in crisis after news that data on 87m users had been passed to a political-campaign firm.These are changing the calculus about the benefits of self-regulation.Opponents of privacy legislation have long argued that the imposition of rules would keep technology companies from innovating.Yet as trust leaks out of the system,innovation is likely to suffer.If consumers worry about what smartphone apps may do with their data,fewer new offerings will take off.It is striking that many of the firms preparing for the GDPR's arrival in Europe are excited that the law has forced them to put their data house in order.The need to minimise legal fragmentation only adds to the case for America to adopt bits of the GDPR.One reason behind the new rules in the EU was to harmonise data-protection laws so that firms can do business across Europe more easily.America is moving in the opposite direction.States that have detected a need for greater privacy are drafting their own laws.California has pending legislation that would establish a data-protection authority to regulate how the state's big tech firms use Californians'personal data.The GDPR is far from perfect.At nearly 100 articles long,it is too complex and tries to achieve too many things.The compliance costs for smaller firms,in particular,look burdensome.But these are arguments for using it as a template,not for ignoring the issue of data protection.If America continues on today's path,it will fail to protect the privacy of its citizens and long-term health of its firms.America's data economy has thrived so far with hardly any rules.That era is over.Facebook is mentioned to show that_____.A.America needs a general data-protection lawB.online economy relies heavily on consumer dataC.online news can produce strong economic impactD.America has benefited greatly from self-regulation
选项 A.America needs a general data-protection law
B.online economy relies heavily on consumer data
C.online news can produce strong economic impact
D.America has benefited greatly from self-regulation
答案 A
解析 [信息锁定]第三段首先指出，美国尚未通过任何一项包罗性的数据保护法，其自我监管方式的弱点正日益突显，公司几乎可以对用户数据为所欲为。最后指出，“将8700万用户的数据转给一家政治活动公司”的行为被报道之后，脸书陷入了危机。可见，文中提及脸书意在说明自我监管方法存在缺陷、美国需要一部全面的数据保护法，A.正确。[解题技巧]B.为第三段③句所述事实，但这是背景信息，并未触及核心观点，因此并非事例说明对象。且事例本身强调的是“脸书因转移用户数据而陷入危机”，并非“脸书对用户数据的依赖”。C.对事例信息“新闻披露（news）使得脸书陷入危机”过度推导，文中并非意在强调“新闻的影响”，更未指出这是“在线新闻”。D.对第四段首句the benefits of self-regulation断章取义，结合第三段③句可知，该句是在指出“自我监管方法的益处受到质疑”，选项内容与其相悖。
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