2. 学历类
  3. Text 1 They are falling like dominoes.Ex

Text 1 They are falling like dominoes.Ex

考试题库2022-08-02  14
问题 Text 1 They are falling like dominoes.Executives caught behaving badly might once have been slapped on the wrist.Today they are shown the door.On July 19th Paramount Television fired its president,Amy Powell,over reports of insensitive comments about race.This is only the latest bigwig to go in a line of departures linked to"personal misconduct"."Boards are now holding executives to higher standards,looking not just at how they treat people but also how they talk to and about them,"says Pam Jeffords of Mercer,a consultancy.The thread connecting these incidents is that all are about perceptions of executive integrity,and by extension,trust.Since trust violations are particularly hard for firms to overcome,often more so than incompetence,firms may believe that firing an errant executive can be the safest,most pragmatic course of action.Executives were never alt angels.What has changed is that boards are now far less willing to overlook bad behaviour for the sake of superior performance.A 2017 report from PwC,a professional-services firm,found that the share of chief-executive dismissals that were due to ethical lapses increased between 2007-11 and 2012-2016,not because bosses were behaving worse but because they were held more accountable.Boards seem to be acting thus for two reasons.First,to protect employees and create a safe and inclusive work environment.Second,to protect their brands'reputations.A 2016 study from researchers at Stanford showed that the fallout from chief executives behaving badly,but not unlawfully,was large and lasting.On average each of the 38 incidents studied garnered 250 news stories,with media attention lasting 4.9 years.Shares usually suffered,though not always.And in a third of cases firms faced further damage,including loss of major clients and federal investigations.Should an executive's words be judged as harshly as their actions?From the perspective of protecting the brand,as well as discouraging a toxic work environment,they probably should.The power of social media to turn a whispered comment into a Twitterstorm,and the fact that everyone now has a mobile recording device,demands a decisive response.But boards and the media also risk rushing to judgment and painting the wicked with too broad a brush.An insensitive remark made long ago or as a one-off is not the same as one made as the face of the firm or as part of a consistent pattern.Disney's firing of James Gunn,a director,last week over tweets from a decade ago,before he was hired and for which he has apologised,seems to be one instance in which such distinctions have been papered over.And plenty of companies benefit from environments where people can speak openly and brainstorm out loud.Once the fallen dominos have been counted,some firms may turn out to have been too gung-ho in responding to the"Weinstein effect".Many,perhaps most,exits will be justified.But all?The report from PwC reveals——A.decreased tolerance to incompetent executivesB.increased immoral behaviors among executivesC.improvement in executives'job performanceD.increased requirements on executives'accountability
选项 A.decreased tolerance to incompetent executives
B.increased immoral behaviors among executives
C.improvement in executives'job performance
D.increased requirements on executives'accountability
答案 D
解析 【信息锁定】第三段指出．高管们从来都不是天使（历来都会有不端行为），这点从未改变；改变的是董事会不再像以往那么愿意为了优秀业绩而忽略不端行为，即董事会对不端行为的容忍度降低。随后以Pw（:报告说明：高管遭解雇的比例呈上升趋势，但并非是因为高管们行为更糟糕，而是因为他们被要求更负责（were held more accountable）。综合事例（论据）及论点可知D.正确。【解题技巧】A.错误理解第三段②句，将董事会容忍度下降的对象“高管不端行为”误认为“高管的无能”。B.与第三段①句“高管从来都不是天使／历来都会有不端行为”以及③句not because bosses were behaving worse（高管们并非行为比以前更糟）相悖。C.利用②句superior performance干扰，但句中只是指出董事会不像以往愿意为了优秀表现而忽略不端行为，并未指出高管表现比以往更优秀。
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英语二研究生

研究生入学

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