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  3. The journal Science is adding an extra r

The journal Science is adding an extra r

免费题库2022-08-02  55
问题 The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.　“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.　Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, Mc Nutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”　Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role”. He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science”.　John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue”. “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.　Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now ______.A. . adds to researchers’ workloadB. . diminishes the role of reviewersC. . has room for further improvementD. . is to fail in the foreseeable future
选项 A. . adds to researchers’ workload
B. . diminishes the role of reviewers
C. . has room for further improvement
D. . is to fail in the foreseeable future
答案 C
解析 事实细节题。根据人名定位到最后一段。该段最后一句中，David Vaux对《科学》期刊的行为进行了评价。他认为《科学期刊》所做的“has some merits（有好处）”但也有缺点“but a weakness is…”，由此可以推测他认为《科学》期刊的做法有待改进，因此C项正确。David Vaux没有提到研究者的工作量有上升，也没有提到《科学》期刊的这一做法将会失败，故A、D项应排除。他最后提到《科学》所采取的措施的缺点是“依赖审查编辑委员会”，可知审查者的角色并未被削弱，故B项也错误。
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