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Priests,teachers and parents have for ge

练习题库2022-08-02  39
问题 Priests,teachers and parents have for generations advised their wards io think twice before speaking,to count to ten when angry and to get a good night's sleep before making big decisions.Social networks care little for seconcl thoughts.Services such as Facebook and Twitter are built to maximise"virality",making it irresistible to share,like and retweet things.They are getting better at it:fully half of the 40 most-retweeted tweets clate from January last year.Starting this month,however,users of WhatsApp,a messaging service owned by Facebook,will find it harder to spread content.They will no longer be able to forward messages to more than 20 0thers in one go,down from more than 100.The goal is not to prevent people from sharing information-only to get users to think about what they are passing on.It Js an idea other platforms should consider copying.Skeptics point out that WhatsApp can afford to hinder the spread of information on its platform because it does not rely on the sale of adverrisements to make money.Slowing down sharing would be more damaging to social networks such as Facebook and Twitter,which make money by keeping users on their sites and showing them ads.Their shareholders would surely refuse anything that lessens engagement.Sure enough,Facebook's shares fell by 23%in after-hours trading,partly because Mark Zuckerberg,its boss,said that its priority would be to get users to interact more with each other,not to promote viral content.Yet the short-term pain caused by a decline in virality may be in the long-term interests of the social networks.Fake news and concerns about cligital addiction,among other things,have already damaged the reputations of tech platforms.Moves to slow sharing could lielp see off harsh action by regulators and lawmakers.They could also improve its service.Instagram,a photo-sharing social network also owned by Facebook,shows that you can be successful without resorting to virality.It offers no sharing options and does not allow links but boasts more than a billion monthly users.It has remained relatively free of misinformation.Facebook does not break out Instagram's revenues,but it is thought to make money.The need to constrain virality is becoming ever more urgent.About half the world uses the internet today.The next 3.8bn users to go online will be poorer and less familiar with media.The examples of deceptions,misinformation and violence in India suggest that the capacity to manipulate people online is even greater when they first gain access to cligital communications.Small changes can have big effects:social networks have become expert at making their services compulsive by adjusting shades of blue and the size of buttons.They have the knowledge and the tools to maximise the sharing of information.That gives them the power to limit its virality,too.It can be inferred from Paragraphs 4 and 5 that controlling virality couldA.eliminate concerns about digital addiction.B.keep a social network free of misinformationC.contribute to the success of a social network.D.exempt a social network from harsh regulation
选项 A.eliminate concerns about digital addiction.
B.keep a social network free of misinformation
C.contribute to the success of a social network.
D.exempt a social network from harsh regulation
答案 C
解析 第四段②句总括：病毒式传播的下降虽引起短期阵痛，但长期而言有利于社交网络；③句随后做出解释一：（因抑制病毒式传播而带来的）虚假新闻减少有助挽回科技公司受损名誉；①句做出解释二：有助应对监管立法者的严苛行动；第五段①句做出解释三：有助改善社交网络服务．②一⑤句随后以Instagram的例子说明，通过抑制病毒式传播（不提供分享选项、不准许链接），社交网站可以获得大量用户并且盈利，且保证没有什么虚假信息。由此可知，抑制病毒式传播有助于社交网站取得成功．C.正确。[解题技巧]A.源于第四段③句concerns about digital addiction，但②～④句意群只能说明抑制病毒式传播有利于减轻对数字成瘾的担忧，“消除（eliminate）”过于绝对。B.忽略了第五段④句中弱化语气的“相对而言（relatively）”。D.源于第四段④句harsh action by regulators and lawmakers．但“豁免（exempt）”过于绝对。
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