Priests,teachers and parents have for ge

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问题 Priests,teachers and parents have for generations advised their wards io think twice before speaking,to count to ten when angry and to get a good night's sleep before making big decisions.Social networks care little for seconcl thoughts.Services such as Facebook and Twitter are built to maximise"virality",making it irresistible to share,like and retweet things.They are getting better at it:fully half of the 40 most-retweeted tweets clate from January last year.Starting this month,however,users of WhatsApp,a messaging service owned by Facebook,will find it harder to spread content.They will no longer be able to forward messages to more than 20 0thers in one go,down from more than 100.The goal is not to prevent people from sharing information-only to get users to think about what they are passing on.It Js an idea other platforms should consider copying.Skeptics point out that WhatsApp can afford to hinder the spread of information on its platform because it does not rely on the sale of adverrisements to make money.Slowing down sharing would be more damaging to social networks such as Facebook and Twitter,which make money by keeping users on their sites and showing them ads.Their shareholders would surely refuse anything that lessens engagement.Sure enough,Facebook's shares fell by 23%in after-hours trading,partly because Mark Zuckerberg,its boss,said that its priority would be to get users to interact more with each other,not to promote viral content.Yet the short-term pain caused by a decline in virality may be in the long-term interests of the social networks.Fake news and concerns about cligital addiction,among other things,have already damaged the reputations of tech platforms.Moves to slow sharing could lielp see off harsh action by regulators and lawmakers.They could also improve its service.Instagram,a photo-sharing social network also owned by Facebook,shows that you can be successful without resorting to virality.It offers no sharing options and does not allow links but boasts more than a billion monthly users.It has remained relatively free of misinformation.Facebook does not break out Instagram's revenues,but it is thought to make money.The need to constrain virality is becoming ever more urgent.About half the world uses the internet today.The next 3.8bn users to go online will be poorer and less familiar with media.The examples of deceptions,misinformation and violence in India suggest that the capacity to manipulate people online is even greater when they first gain access to cligital communications.Small changes can have big effects:social networks have become expert at making their services compulsive by adjusting shades of blue and the size of buttons.They have the knowledge and the tools to maximise the sharing of information.That gives them the power to limit its virality,too.The author suggests social networks shouldA.limit the sharing of information.B.publicize the knowledge about virality.C.avoid making further small changes.D.get more control over new netizens.

选项 A.limit the sharing of information.
B.publicize the knowledge about virality.
C.avoid making further small changes.
D.get more control over new netizens.

答案 A

解析作者在第四段②句针对WhatsApp举措质疑者的看法亮明“病毒式传播下降有利于社交网络长远利益”的观点并佐证；第六段①句直言抑制病毒式传播在当前愈发迫切。由此可知，作者认为社交网站应该限制病毒式传播，即信息分享．A.正确。[解题技巧]B.源于末段②句the knowledge.…to maximise the sharing of information．但文中并未涉及对病毒式传播相关知识的“公开”。C.源于末段①句small changes can have big effects．本句虽指社交网络通过微小的改变令人上瘾，但是结合②③句“他们同时具备促进／限制病毒式传播的能力”，以及上文对WhatsApp微小改变（限制转发人数）的赞赏，可知作者认为社交网站能够、也应该通过微小的改变限制病毒式传播。D.曲解第六段③④句对新网民的描述，原文意借“新网民更易受虚假信息影响”凸显限制病毒式传播的必要，亦即社交网站需要限制病毒式传播．而非限制新网民。

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Priests,teachers and parents have for ge

英语一研究生

研究生入学