首页
登录
公务员类
The age at which young children begin to
The age at which young children begin to
考试题库
2022-08-02
61
问题
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Until recently, child psychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean Piaget in his hypothesis that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for transgressions on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences caused. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as naughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage. Keasey’s research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmful acts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include?public?duty, self-defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether or not an aggressor’s action was justified by public duty: five year olds reacted very differently to “Bonnie wrecks Arm’s pretend house” depending on whether Bonnie did it “so somebody won’t fall over it” or because Bonnie wanted “to make Ann feel bad”. Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments. Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make subtle distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among-acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous.It can be inferred that the term “public?duty” (pra.2), in the context of the passage, means which of the following?A.The necessity to apprehend perpetratorsB.The responsibility to punish transgressorsC.An obligation to prevent harm to anotherD.The assignment of punishment for harmful action
选项
A.The necessity to apprehend perpetrators
B.The responsibility to punish transgressors
C.An obligation to prevent harm to another
D.The assignment of punishment for harmful action
答案
C
解析
由下文可知,“public duty”意指保护他人不受伤害的责任。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/gongwuyuan/2635156.html
本试题收录于:
英语言文学 军队文职题库军队文职人员招聘分类
英语言文学 军队文职
军队文职人员招聘
相关试题推荐
ChildrenasyoungasfourwillstudySha
ChildrenasyoungasfourwillstudySha
ChildrenasyoungasfourwillstudySha
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbeginto
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbeginto
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbeginto
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbeginto
Tina’schildren,_____alllivenearby,
TodayisChildren’sDay,youareallowed
TodayisChildren’sDay,youareallowed
随机试题
Youhadbetter______adoctorassoonaspossible.A、seeingB、sawC、seeD、seenCha
A.--intensivereadingB.--extensivereadingC.--checkonworkattend
按照索赔事件的性质分类,在施工中发现地下流砂引起的索赔属于()。A:工程变更索
下列哪种情况肺泡呼吸音减弱A.发热 B.贫血 C.运动 D.甲状腺功能亢进
西方第一本以“教育心理学”命名的专著是桑代克的( )。
关于心动周期的叙述,错误的是A.心脏1次收缩和舒张构成1个心动周期B.心收缩期短
单套配置保护的电压切换箱(回路)隔离开关辅助触点应采用双位置输入方式。电压切换直
在发生安全事故时,要求物业服务企业履行的义务包括()。A:发生安全事故时要立即采
下列关于非居民企业所得税核定征收办法的说法,错误的是( )。A.税务机关应根据纳
关于责任保险的说法,正确的是()A.责任保险承保一切法律责任 B.责
最新回复
(
0
)