首页
登录
公务员类
This is not a good time to be foreign. A
This is not a good time to be foreign. A
免费题库
2022-08-02
29
问题
This is not a good time to be foreign. Anti-immigrant parties are gaining ground in Europe. Britain has been fretting this week over lapses in its border controls. In America Barack Obama has failed to deliver the immigration reform he promised, and Republican presidential candidates would rather electrify the border fence with Mexico than educate the children of illegal aliens. America educates foreign scientists in its universities and then expels them, a policy the mayor of New York calls “national suicide”. This illiberal turn in attitudes to migration is no surprise. It is the result of cyclical economic gloom combined with a secular rise in pressure on rich countries’ borders. But governments now weighing up whether or not to try to slam the door should consider another factor: the growing economic importance of Diasporas, and the contribution they can make to a country’s economic growth. Diaspora networks-of Huguenots, Scots, Jews and many others-have always been a potent economic force, but the cheapness and ease of modern travel has made them larger and more numerous than ever before. There are now 215m first-generation migrants around the world: that’s 3%of the world’s population. If they were a nation, it would be a little larger than Brazil. There are more Chinese people living outside China than there are French people in France. Some 22m Indians are scattered all over the globe. Small concentrations of ethnic and linguistic groups have always been found in surprising places-Lebanese in West Africa, Japanese in Brazil and Welsh in Patagonia, for instance-but they have been joined by newer ones, such as west Africans in southern China. These networks of kinship and language make it easier to do business across borders. They speed the flow of information. Trust matters, especially in emerging markets where the rule of law is weak. So does a knowledge of the local culture. And modern communications make these networks an even more powerful tool of business. Diasporas also help spread ideas. Many of the emerging world’s brightest minds are educated at Western universities. An increasing number go home, taking with them both knowledge and contacts. Indian computer scientists in Bangalore bounce ideas constantly off their Indian friends in Silicon Valley. China’s technology industry is dominated by “sea turtles” (Chinese who have lived abroad and returned. Diasporas spread money, too. Migrants into rich countries not only send cash to their families; they also help companies in their host country operate in their home country. A Harvard Business School study shows that, American companies that employ lots of ethnic Chinese people find it much easier to set up in China without a joint venture with a local firm. Such arguments are unlikely to make much headway against hostility towards immigrants in rich countries. Fury against foreigners is usually based on two (mutually incompatible) notions: that because so many migrants claim welfare they are a drain on the public purse; and that because they are prepared to work harder for less pay they will depress the wages of those at the bottom of the pile. The first is usually not true (in Britain, for instance, immigrants claim benefits less than indigenous people do), and the second is hard to establish either way. Some studies do indeed suggest that competition from unskilled immigrants depresses the wages of unskilled locals. But others find this effect to be small or non-existent. Nor is it possible to establish the impact of migration on overall growth. The sums are simply too difficult. Yet there are good reasons for believing that it is likely to be positive. Migrants tend to be hard-working and innovative. That spurs productivity and company formation. A recent study carried out by Duke University showed that, while immigrants make up an eighth of America’s population, they founded a quarter of the country’s technology and engineering firms. And, by linking the West with emerging markets, Diasporas help rich countries to plug into fast-growing economies. Rich countries are thus likely to benefit from looser immigration policy; and fears that poor countries will suffer as a result of a “brain drain” are overblown. The prospect of working abroad spurs more people to acquire valuable skills, and not all subsequently emigrate. Skilled migrants send money home, and they often return to set up new businesses. One study found that unless they lose more than 20%of their university graduates, the brain drain makes poor countries richer.The author’s attitude towards “Diasporas” is that _____.A.There is increasing hostility towards immigrants in rich countries.B.Immigrant networks are a rare bright spark in the world economy and rich countries should welcome them.C.The Diasporas should return to their homelands so that poor countries will not suffer as a result of “brain drain”.D.Hard-working immigrants will depress the wages of the locals although they may greatly increase productivity.
选项
A.There is increasing hostility towards immigrants in rich countries.
B.Immigrant networks are a rare bright spark in the world economy and rich countries should welcome them.
C.The Diasporas should return to their homelands so that poor countries will not suffer as a result of “brain drain”.
D.Hard-working immigrants will depress the wages of the locals although they may greatly increase productivity.
答案
B
解析
文章多处提到移民为世界经济发展做出贡献。例如第六段提到在富裕国家的“Migrants”不仅“send cash to their families”;他们还会帮助公司“operate in their home country.”不仅如此,倒数第二段提到了移民为富裕国家也做出的贡献。最后一段也提到“Rich countries”将会从宽松的移民政策中获益。因此B项指出移民是世界经济中难得一见的亮点,富裕国家应该欢迎他们是符合作者对“diasporas”的态度的。A选项是一个事实,不是作者态度。因此不选A。文章最后一段“The prospect of working abroad spurs more people to acquire valuable skills, and not all subsequently emigrate”说明有些人只是到国外学习,并不移民;另外一些人才会回国开公司,因此担心不发达国家会“brain drain”是过分夸张的,故C选项错误。从文章第七段可以看出的确有一些研究表明来自“unskilled immigration”的竞争会压低“unskilled locals”的工资,但是其他研究发现,这种影响“to be small”或者“non-existent”,因此D项错误。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/gongwuyuan/2635043.html
本试题收录于:
英语言文学 军队文职题库军队文职人员招聘分类
英语言文学 军队文职
军队文职人员招聘
相关试题推荐
Thisisnotagoodtimetobeforeign.A
Thisisnotagoodtimetobeforeign.A
Thisisnotagoodtimetobeforeign.A
Thisisnotagoodtimetobeforeign.A
Thisisnotagoodtimetobeforeign.A
随机试题
Itismygreathonortohavereceivedyourinvitation,butI’mterriblysorryfor
Today’slectureisonthesubjectofPronunciationAchievementFactors.
YouaregoingtograduatefromUniversity,andduringtheresttimeyouarem
[originaltext]W:Goodmorning.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Goodmorning.I’vecom
分布在滑坡体前缘(尤以舌部为多),因滑坡体向两侧扩散而形成的放射状分布的张裂隙称
数学活动小组和语文活动小组属于科技活动。()
后果严重、需紧急处理的坏死是()A.乳房脂肪坏死 B.下肢干性坏疽 C.
根据《合同法》的规定,合同权利义务法定终止的情形包括()。A、债务人将按照约定履
存款人()时,不需要撤销银行结算账户。A、宣告破产 B、被吊销营业执照 C、
变配电所控制室的布置主环正面宜采用直列式布置,超过()块屏时,也可采用弧
最新回复
(
0
)