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  3. 　　The National Trust in Britain plays an

　　The National Trust in Britain plays an

练习题库2022-08-02  36
问题 　　The National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practical and moral support from the Government, it is not a rich government department. It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain. It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public. Its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest.　　The attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and castles of Britain by the death of Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to the Trust together with the 4500 acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust’s “Country House Scheme”. Under this scheme, with the help of the Government and the general public, the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about 150 of these old houses. Last year, about 1.75 million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge.　　In addition to country houses and open spaces, the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, 540 farms and nearly 2500 cottages or small village houses, as well as some complete villages. In these villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original 16th century style. Over4000 acres of coastline, woodland, and hill country are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife.　　Over the past 80 years the Trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life. It helps to preserve all that is of great natural beauty and of historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage.
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解析 在英国，国家信托管委会在保护英国农村未被破坏的大众景点的作用越来越重要了。尽管信托管委会收到了政府的实际支持和道义支持，但它在政府部门中并不富有。这是一个志愿者组织，由那些关心英国未破坏的乡村和历史建筑的人们组成。它是一个慈善组织，它的存活与否取决于大众的支持。它最基本的职责是保护美丽的自然景观和名胜古迹。
　　公众首先注意到的是英国的古老房屋和城堡，它们因为洛锡安勋爵的去世而面临威胁。勋爵把他这所十七世纪的古建筑给了信托管委会，连带它周围4500英亩的公园和地产。这个礼物引起了广泛关注并且建立了信托管委会“乡村别墅方案”。在此方案下，加上政府和群众的帮助，信托管委会得以保护并向大众开放大约150座这种老房子。去年，有七十五万人付费参观这些有历史气息的老房子，门票价格很低。
　　加上郊区住宅和开放空间，信托管委会现在拥有了古代风水的样本，自然保护区，540个农场，还有差不多2500座村舍和小别墅。在这些山村里不能用任何方式修建，改造或是妨碍古老的山村环境，所有的房子都保持着原本十六世纪的风格。信托管委会保护着超过40万英亩的海岸、林地和丘陵，不允许任何形式的发展和破坏。公众可以免费去这些地方参观，只要他们能尊重这个地方的自然景观和野生动植物。
　　因此，自从八十年代以来，信托管委会已经成为了一个重大而庞大的组织，是国民生活中重要而值得尊敬的一部分。保留自然之美和历史建筑不仅对英国下一代，对那些每年来英国寻找伟大的历史和文化遗产的游客们也有着重大的意义。
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