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资料：Procrastination comes in many disguis

免费题库2022-08-02  18
问题 资料：Procrastination comes in many disguises. We might resolve to tackle a task, but find endless reasons to defer it. We might prioritize things we can readily tick off our to-do list- answering emails, say- while leaving the big, complex stuff untouched for another day. We can look and feel busy. while artfully avoiding the tanks that really matter. And when we look at those rolling, long untouched items at the bottom of our to-do list, we can't help but feel a little disappointed in ourselves.The problem is our brains are programmed to procrastinate. In general, we all tend to struggle with task that promise future upside in return for efforts we take now. That's because it's easier for our brains to process concrete rather  than abstract things, and the immediate hassle is very tangible compared with those unknowable, uncertain future benefits. So the short-term effort easily dominates the long-term upside in our minds--an example of something that behavioral scientists call present bias.How can you become less myopic about your elusive tasks? It's all about rebalancing the cost benefit analysis: make the benefits of action feel bigger, and the costs of action feel smaller. The reward for doing a pestering task needs to feel larger than the immediate pain of tacking it.To make the benefits of action feel bigger and more real:Visualize how great it will be to get it done. Researchers have discovered that people are more likely to save for their future retirement if they're shown digitally aged photographs of themselves. Why? Because it makes their future self feel  more  real-making the future benefits of saving also feel more weighty.Which one is TRUE about our brain?A.Concrete things are more attractive than the abstract things.B.The long term upside is easily dominated by short-term effort in our minds.C.We cannot avoid present bias in our brain.D.The brain can be trained to procrastinate often.
选项 A.Concrete things are more attractive than the abstract things.
B.The long term upside is easily dominated by short-term effort in our minds.
C.We cannot avoid present bias in our brain.
D.The brain can be trained to procrastinate often.
答案 B
解析 本题考查的是细节理解。
【关键词】true; brain
【主题句】第二段The problem is our brains are programmed to procrastinate. In general, we all tend to struggle with tasks that promise future upside in return for efforts we take now. That’s because it’s easier for our brains to process concrete rather than abstract things, and the immediate hassle is very tangible compared with those unknowable, uncertain future benefits. So the short-term effort easily dominates the long-term upside in our minds — an example of something that behavioral scientists call present bias.
问题是我们的大脑自动选择拖延。总的来说，我们都倾向于努力解决那些将来承诺回报的任务，以换取我们现在所做的努力。这是因为我们的大脑更容易处理具体而不是抽象的事情。与那些不可知的，不确定的未来利益相比，直接的麻烦是非常有形的。 所以短期成就在我们脑中很轻易地支配了长期优势—这是行为科学家称之为现在偏见的一个例子。
【解析】本题问“关于我们大脑，哪一项是正确的？”。选项A意为“具体事物比抽象事物更具吸引力”；
选项B意为“短期成就在我们脑中很轻易地支配了长期优势”；选项C意为“我们无法避免目前的大脑偏见”；选项D意为“大脑因被训练而经常拖延”。
根据主题句可知，对我们大脑而言，运行具体的事项要比抽象的事物更容易，但不能由此推断具体的实物比抽象的事物更有吸引力，选项A错误；文末三段都是在说如何避免拖延，故“现在拖延”是不可避免的，选项C错误；.我们大脑是自动选择拖延的，而不是因训练造成的，故选项D错误；选项B内容与原文一致，故符合题意。
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