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  3. In science the meaning of the word "explain" suffers with civilization’s ever

In science the meaning of the word "explain" suffers with civilization’s ever

游客2025-05-10  60
问题    In science the meaning of the word "explain" suffers with civilization’s every step in search of reality. Science can not really explain electricity, magnetism, and gravitation; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modem scientist than to Thales who first speculated on the electrification of amber. Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces "really" are. Electricity, Bertrand Russell says, "is not a thing, like St. Paul’s Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave, when they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell." Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principles. He felt, for example, that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place, hence one can conclude that objects fall to the ground because that is where they belong, and smoking goes up because that is where it belongs. The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modem science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of con- trolled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation. [br] The passage says that until recently scientists disagreed with the idea ______.
选项 A、that there are mysterious forces in the universe
B、that man can not discover what forces "really" are
C、that there are self-evident principles
D、that we can discover why things behave as they do
答案 C
解析 文中指出Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea，随后就以Aristotle的理论为例，论证该句，作者指出Aristotle的理论“人类通过reasoning from self- evident principles就能理解客观事实”不正确，可判断，科学家们不同意self-evident principles这一论断。
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