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  3. What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, lik

What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, lik

游客2025-04-06  49
问题     What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, like myself, in the fortunate position of being workers? At a guess I would say sixteen per cent, and I do not think that figure is likely to get bigger in the future.
    Technology and the division of labor have done two things: by eliminating in many fields the need for special strength or skill, they have made a very large number of paid occupations which formerly were enjoyable work into boring labor, and by increasing productivity they have reduced the number of necessary laboring hours. It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population, that is to say, its laborers, will have almost as much leisure as in earlier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy. When one recalls how aristocracies in the past actually behaved, the prospect is not cheerful. Indeed, the problem of dealing with boredom may be even more difficult for such a future mass society than it was for aristocracies. The latter, for example, ritualized their time; there was a season to shoot grouse, a season to spend in town, etc. The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which changes as often as possible in the economic interest of certain people. Again, the masses cannot go in for hunting, for very soon there would be no animals left to hunt. For other aristocratic amusements like gambling, dueling, and warfare, it may be only too easy to find equivalents in dangerous driving, drug-taking, and senseless acts of violence. Workers seldom commit acts of violence, because they can put their aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist. The role of aggression in mental work is aptly expressed by the phrase "getting one’s teeth into a problem". [br] According to the passage, the writer believes the majority of the population
选项 A、are unhappy with what they do.
B、will get bigger in their number in the future.
C、agree with him on his classification.
D、are in the fortunate position of being workeers.
答案 A
解析 信息推断题。作者在文章首段提及在一个现代化的技术社会里，总人口中有多大比例的人能够像我一样有幸成为工作者呢?(in the fortunate position of being workers)，作者在这里使用了fortunate，表示实际上劳动者并不幸运。因为在其后的段落里，作者提及技术和劳动的分工在许多领域取消了特别才能和技术的需要，把过去本来令人愉快的大量受雇职业的工作变成了令人厌倦的劳动(enjoyable work into being labour)；劳动者有了更多的休闲时光。但是对于劳动者来说，在未来这样一个大众社会里，要解决“无聊”这个问题，也许比过去的贵族们要困难得多。由“theproblem of dealing with boredom may be even more difficult for such a future mass society than it was foraristocracies．”可知，对于大多数人来说，他们对于所做的事情并不感到快乐，故答案为A。
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