首页
登录
职称英语
What does a scientist do when he or she "explains" something? Scientific exp
What does a scientist do when he or she "explains" something? Scientific exp
游客
2025-03-24
31
管理
问题
What does a scientist do when he or she "explains" something? Scientific explanation comes in two forms; generalization and reduction. Most psychologists deal with generalization. They explain particular instances of behavior as examples of general laws. For instance, most psychologists would explain a pathologically strong fear of dogs as an example of classical conditioning. Presumably, the person was frightened earlier in life by a dog. An unpleasant stimulus was paired with the sight of the animal [perhaps the person was knocked down by an exuberant (充满 活力的) dog] and the subsequent sight of dogs evokes the earlier response—fear.
Most physiologists deal with reduction. Phenomena are explained in terms of simpler phenomena. For example, the movement of a muscle is explained in terms of changes in the membrane (薄膜,隔膜) of muscle cells, entry of particular chemicals, and interactions between protein molecules within these cells. A molecular biologist would "explain" these events in terms of forces that bind various molecules together and cause various parts of these molecules to be attracted to one another.
The task of physiological psychology is to "explain" behavior in physiological terms. Like other scientists, physiological psychologists believe that all natural phenomena—including human behavior—are subject to the laws of physics. Thus, the laws of behavior can be reduced to descriptions of physiological processes.
How does one study the physiology of behavior? Physiological psychologists cannot simply be reductionists. It is not enough to observe behaviors and correlate them with physiological events that occur at the same time. Identical behaviors, under different conditions, may occur for different reasons, and thus be initiated by different physiological mechanisms- this means that we must understand "psychologically" why a particular behavior occurs before we can understand what physiological events made it occur. [br] In the first paragraph the word "deal" could best be replaced by______.
选项
A、barter
B、bargain
C、are playing
D、are concerned
答案
D
解析
本题是考“deal”的词义和用法。“deal with”意为“涉及,论述”,相当于“be concerned with”,其中“deal”相当于“be concerned”。所以选项D正确。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4010731.html
相关试题推荐
Itwasanallusiontowhatthescientistthoughtwasaninappropriatedistributi
Shefeltdizzyandhadto______somethingtosteadyherself.A、holdontoB、holdup
Wright,acomputerscientist,isplottinganexperimentwithahumanoidrobot
Wright,acomputerscientist,isplottinganexperimentwithahumanoidrobot
ThefirsteditionofThomasKuhn’s"TheStructureofScientificRevolutions"
ThefirsteditionofThomasKuhn’s"TheStructureofScientificRevolutions"
InSecondNature,NobelPrize-winningneuroscientistGeraldEdelmanarguesth
InSecondNature,NobelPrize-winningneuroscientistGeraldEdelmanarguesth
InSecondNature,NobelPrize-winningneuroscientistGeraldEdelmanarguesth
InSecondNature,NobelPrize-winningneuroscientistGeraldEdelmanarguesth
随机试题
[originaltext]W:AreyouallreadyforChristmas?M:Areyoukidding?(8)Ihaven
Acollegegraduatejuststartedajobandhefoundsomethingstrange.Oneof
[originaltext]WhenJohnsonworkedinahigh-traveljobmorethanadecadea
[originaltext]Ascityresidents,weallthinkthatweknowwhattheword"c
Atsometimeinyourlifeyoumayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstran
下列哪项与Sheehan综合征一致A.通常与产后高血压危象有关 B.由神经垂体
A.足三里、气海 B.太溪、三阴交 C.太冲、太溪 D.丰隆、合谷 E.
患者女性,58岁,因诊为直肠癌住院。人院第3天行直肠癌根治术,带一结肠造瘘口。术
某教研室要选派一些教师参加一个国际学术研讨会。根据工作安排,必须满足下列几个条件
房地产之所以有独一无二性是因为()。A.坐落位置不同 B.外观形象不同 C
最新回复
(
0
)