首页
登录
职称英语
Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credite
Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credite
游客
2024-08-07
54
管理
问题
Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credited with the invention of cinema, the British and the Germans played a relatively small role in its worldwide exploitation. It was above all the French, followed closely by the Americans, who were the most passionate exporters of the new invention, helping to start cinema in China, Japan, Latin America and Russia. In terms of artistic development it was again the French and the Americans who took the lead, though in the years before the First World War, Italy, Denmark and Russia also played a part.
In the end it was the United States that was to become, and remain, the largest single market for films. By protecting their own market and pursuing a vigorous export policy, the Americans achieved a dominant position on the world market by the start of the First World War. The centre of film-making had moved westwards, to Hollywood, and it was films from these new Hollywood studios that flooded onto the world’s film markets in the years after the First World War, and have done so ever since. Faced with total Hollywood domination, few film industries proved competitive. The Italian industry, which had pioneered the feature film with spectacular films like Quo Vadis?(1913)and Cabiria(1914), almost collapsed. In Scandinavia, the Swedish cinema had a brief period of glory, notably with powerful epic films and comedies. Even the French cinema found itself in a difficult position. In Europe, only Germany proved industrially capable, while in the new Soviet Union and in Japan, the development of the cinema took place in conditions of commercial isolation.
Hollywood took the lead artistically as well as industrially. Hollywood films appealed because they had better-constructed narratives, their special effects were more impressive, and the star system added a new dimension to screen acting. If Hollywood did not have enough of its own resources , it had a great deal of money to buy up artists and technical innovations from Europe to ensure its continued dominance over present or future competition.
From early cinema, it was only American slapstick comedy that successfully developed in both short and feature format. However, during this "Silent Film" era, animation, comedy, serials and dramatic features continued to thrive, along with factual films or documentaries, which acquired an increasing distinctiveness as the period progressed. It was also at this time that the avant-garde film first achieved commercial success, this time thanks almost exclusively to the French and the occasional German film.
Of the countries which developed and maintained distinctive national cinemas in the silent period, the most important were France, Germany and the Soviet Union. Of these, the French displayed the most continuity, in spite of the war and post-war economic uncertainties. The German cinema, relatively insignificant in the pre-war years, exploded on to the world scene after 1919. Yet even they were both overshadowed by the Soviets after the 1917 Revolution. They turned their back on the past, leaving the style of the pre-war Russian cinema to the Emigres who fled westwards to escape the Revolution.
The other countries whose cinemas changed dramatically are: Britain, which had an interesting but undistinguished history in the silent period: Italy, which had a brief moment of international fame just before the war: the Scandinavian countries, particularly Denmark, which played a role in the development of silent cinema quite out of proportion to their small population: and Japan, where a cinema developed based primarily on traditional theatrical and, to a lesser extent, other art forms and only gradually adapted to western influence. [br] Who played the main role in cinema’s worldwide exploitation and led the artistic development?
选项
答案
The French and the Americans.
解析
(文章第一段提到法国人和美国人were the most passionate exporters of the new invention(the cinema),后又提到In terms of artistic development it was again the French and the Americans who took the lead。)
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3709356.html
相关试题推荐
BritishPrimeMinisterGordonBrownisamemberofthe______.A、DemocraticParty
WhowasafoundingfatheroftheAmericanRepublic?A、AbrahamLincoln.B、William
ThethreegreatGermanictribes:theAngles,the______andJutes,whichinvadedB
BritishPrimeMinisterGordonBrownisamemberofthe______.A、DemocraticParty
Thebookfromwhich"allmodernAmericanliteraturecomes"refersto______.A、Mob
PierreOmidyar,thesonofFrench-Iranianimmigrants,wasalreadyamilliona
PierreOmidyar,thesonofFrench-Iranianimmigrants,wasalreadyamilliona
PierreOmidyar,thesonofFrench-Iranianimmigrants,wasalreadyamilliona
PierreOmidyar,thesonofFrench-Iranianimmigrants,wasalreadyamilliona
Althoughhardstatisticsaredifficulttocomeby,thereissubstantialanec
随机试题
Nowasinglecellphoneisabletostorealarge______ofinformationaboutan
Forcenturies,immigrantshavecometoAmericaseekingthepromiseoflife,
Whyisthemannotreallysurprisedthathisparentsaremoving?[originaltext]M
()负责建筑施工企业安全生产许可证的颁发和管理,并接受国务院建设主管部门的
()是指信托公司运用资本金开展的业务。A.中间业务 B.委托业务 C.固有
旋覆代赭汤的功用是A.降逆止呃,益气清热 B.温中益气,降逆止呃 C.降气化
氧气雾化吸入时,下列正确的是( )。A.氧流量调节至6~8L/min B.患
A.仙鹤草 B.侧柏叶 C.苎麻根 D.小蓟 E.大蓟能凉血止血,安胎的
下列关于习近平生态文明思想具体体现的说法中,正确的有()。A.坚持文明兴则生态兴
在分析论证建设工程总目标,寻求建设工程质量、造价和进度三大目标间最佳匹配关系时,
最新回复
(
0
)