首页
登录
职称英语
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise
游客
2023-07-02
37
管理
问题
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can【C1】______performance at work and school. Cognitive(认知学派的)researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on【C2】______and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters,【C3】______among educators. But the careful use of small【C4】______rewards sparks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements(刺激)indeed【C5】______inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
"If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively【C6】______task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it’s easy to【C7】______creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards."
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for【C8】______achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and【C9】______failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows【C10】______in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
A)mental B)promise C)kill D)avoid E)hope
F)especially G)aid H)ordinary I)approval J)monetary
K)generally L)improve M)challenging N)restore O)excellent [br] 【C6】
选项
答案
M
解析
此处应填形容词修饰task。从原文来看,如果孩子们知道他们在为获得奖励而努力,并能专注于相对——的任务,他们就会表现出最大的创造力,因此只有challenging符合题意。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2800600.html
相关试题推荐
BritishpsychologistshavefoundevidenceofalinkbetweenexcessiveIntern
BritishpsychologistshavefoundevidenceofalinkbetweenexcessiveIntern
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
随机试题
A—AccidentareaJ—One-waytrafficB—KeeprightK—NoentryC—Fogg
Lookingbackonmychildhood,Iamconvincedthatnaturalistsarebornandn
以下关于投资组合风险的表述,正确的有()。A.一种股票的风险由两部分组成,它们是
在土地登记中,变更地籍调查的面积( )初始地籍调查的面积。A.等于 B.大于
文艺表演团体( )进入经营A.允许外资 B.不允许外资 C.允许外资合资经
由于分娩中羊水突然进入母体血液而引起的并发症中不包括A、血压升高 B、急性肺
男性,30岁,农民,10月26日高热、头痛、腰痛、呕吐、腹泻,连续发热4天,鼻出
按照产生的原因,可将通货膨胀分为财政赤字型通货膨胀、银行信贷型通货膨胀、()。
某药材来源于豆科植物,二基原。药材呈长卵形或卵状披针形,叶端急尖,叶基不对称,全
鉴别急、慢性肾衰竭最重要的检查指标是A.贫血 B.尿素氮 C.血肌酐 D.
最新回复
(
0
)