首页
登录
职称英语
In the 1350s poor countrymen began to have cottages and gardens which they c
In the 1350s poor countrymen began to have cottages and gardens which they c
游客
2025-05-02
42
管理
问题
In the 1350s poor countrymen began to have cottages and gardens which they could call their own. Were these fourteenth-century peasants,then,the originators of the cottage garden? Not really:the making and planting of small mixed gardens had been pioneered by others,and the cottager had at least two good examples which he could follow. His garden plants might and to some extent did come from the surrounding countryside,but a great many came from the monastery gardens. As to the general plan of the small garden,in so far as it had one at all,that had its origin not in the country,but in the town.
The first gardens to be developed and planted by the owners or tenants of small houses town cottages as it were,were almost certainly those of the suburbs of the free cities of Italy and Germany in the early Middle Ages. Thus the suburban garden,far from being a descendant of the country cottage garden, is its ancestor,and older,in all probability,by about two centuries. On the face of it a paradox,in fact this is really logical enough:it was In such towns that there first emerged a class of man who was free and who,without being rich,owned his own small house:a craftsman or tradesman protected by his guild from the great barons,and from the petty ones too. Moreover, it was in the towns,rather than in the country, where the countryside provided herbs and even wild vegetables,that men needed to cultivate pot-herbs and salads. It was also in the towns that there existed a demand for market-garden produce.
London lagged well behind the Italian,Flemish,German and French free cities in this bourgeois progress towards the freedom of having a garden;yet,as early as the thirteenth century,well before the Black Death,Fitz Steven,biographer of Thomas a Becket, was writing that,in London: "On all sides outside the house of the citizens who dwell in the suburbs there are adjoining gardens planted with trees, both spacious and pleasing to the sight".
Then there is the monastery garden,quoted often as a "source" of the cottage garden in innumerable histories of gardening. The gardens of the great religious establishments of the eighth and ninth centuries had two origins:St. Augustine,copying the Greek academe did his teaching in a small garden presented to him for that purpose by a rich friend:thus the idea of a garden-school,which began among the Greek philosopher-teachers,was carried on by the Christian church. In the second place,since one of the charities undertaken by most religious orders was that of healing,monasteries and nunneries needed a garden of medicinal herbs. Such physic gardens were soon supplemented by vegetable,salad and fruit gardens in those monasteries which enjoined upon their members the duty of raising their own food,or at least a part of it. They tended next to develop,willy-nilly into flower gardens simply because many of the herbaceous plants grown for medicinal purposes,or for their fragrance as strewing herbs,had pretty flowers— for example,violets,marjoram,pinks,primroses,madonna lilies and roses. In due course these flowers came to be grown for their own sakes,especially since some of them. Lilies and roses notably,had a ritual or religious significance of their own. The madonna lily had been Aphrodite’s symbolic flower, it became Mary’s;yet its first association with horticulture was economics salve or ointment was made from the bulb.
Much earlier than is commonly realized,certain monastic gardeners were making remarkable progress in scientific horticulture—for example, in forcing flowers and fruit out of season in cloister and courtyard gardens used as conservatories—which had lessons to teach cottagers as well as castle-dwellers. [br] What reason is given for the development of gardens in towns?
选项
A、There were special market areas in the large towns.
B、The medieval citizen could cultivate the plants he wanted.
C、The town dwellers longed for the edible wild plants they knew in their youth.
D、The market sellers had not enough of their own cultivated herbs for sale.
答案
A
解析
题目问:城市园林发展的原因是什么?通过文章内容可知,这样小镇的人们需要种植植物性香料和生菜,这和乡下不同,那里种的是植物和蔬菜。正是在这样的小镇,花园中种出的农产品满足了市场的需求。所以,答案是A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4058733.html
相关试题推荐
Inthe1350spoorcountrymenbegantohavecottagesandgardenswhichtheyc
Inthe1350spoorcountrymenbegantohavecottagesandgardenswhichtheyc
Inthe1350spoorcountrymenbegantohavecottagesandgardenswhichtheyc
Inthe1350spoorcountrymenbegantohavecottagesandgardenswhichtheyc
Inthe1350spoorcountrymenbegantohavecottagesandgardenswhichtheyc
随机试题
Widespreadclimatechangechallengestraditionalnotionsthatpreservingspe
护士对脑梗死患者体位摆放的指导,正确的是A.保持肩关节外展 B.保持肘关节伸直
下列关于通货膨胀对企业财务活动的影响的叙述,不正确的是()。A.引起利率下降,加
脑血栓形成最重要的临床表现是A.安静中发病 B.见于60岁以上的老年人 C.
金融市场发挥对经济调节作用的原因在于其特有的()。A.为社会中资金不足的一方提
下列属硝苯地平的典型不良反应的是A:变态反应 B:头痛、恶心 C:发热 D
下列不属于列夫·托尔斯泰创作的长篇小说的是( )。A.《复活》 B.《战
张某按某银行支行的业务印章自己制作了一个业务印章,并印制了空白存单,然后制作了一
甲因其子(8周岁)连续咳嗽一周到某药品零售连锁企业门店购药。当时该零售企业执业药
投资项目决策分析与评价的基本要求包括贯彻落实科学发展观、资料数据准确可靠和()
最新回复
(
0
)