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  3. Behaviors that we do not understand often become nearly invisible-even when,

Behaviors that we do not understand often become nearly invisible-even when,

游客2025-05-02  32
问题     Behaviors that we do not understand often become nearly invisible-even when,in retrospect,we see how truly strange they are.
    When I was a psychiatric resident,we had a faculty member who was famous for his messy office: stacks of papers and old journals covered every chair and table as well as much of the floor. One day,as I walked past the open office door with one of my supervisors,he murmured mildly,"Odd duck."And that was as far as anyone seemed to reflect on this peculiar state of affairs within an institution staffed by psychiatrists. Eventually,the faculty member had to be given another office in which to see patients.
    Not surprisingly,the psychiatric diagnostic manual does not list "messy room" in the index. But it does mention a tantalizing symptom: inability "to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they have no sentimental value." It comes under the diagnosis obsessive-compulsive personality disorder,an obscure cousin of the more famous obsessive-compulsive disorder.
    I was barely aware of the diagnosis. Every era has mental disorders that for cultural or scientific reasons become popular. In Freud’s day it was hysteria. Currently depression has moved to center stage.
    But other ailments go relatively ignored,and this disorder was one.
    It came with a list of additional symptoms that appeared to be peculiar bedfellows: anxiety about spending money,excessive devotion to work to the exclusion of leisure activities,rigidity about following rules,perfectionism in doing tasks—at times to the point of interfering with finishing them.
    In moderation,the symptoms seemed to fit right in with our workaholic culture—perhaps explaining the low profile of the diagnosis. Relentless work orientation and perfectionism may even be assets in rule-and detail-oriented professions like accounting or law.
    But when the symptoms are too intense or pervasive,they become crippling. Beneath the seemingly adaptive behaviors lies a central disability. People with this diagnosis have enormous difficulty making decisions. They lack the internal sense of completion that most of us experience at the end of a choice or,a task,even one as simple as throwing something out or making a purchase. In obsessive-compulsive personality disorder,this feeling occurs only after endless deliberation and revision,if at all.
    The need to come up with the "correct" answer,the best purchase or the perfect proposal leads to excess rumination over each decision. It can even lead to complete paralysis. For such people,rules of all kinds are a godsend—they represent pre-made decisions. Open-ended assignments,like writing papers, are nightmares.
    For such a patient or for a psychiatrist, understanding a cluster of diagnostic symptoms can be a rev-elation. The picture leaps out from the previously disorganized background. But undoubtedly,at times we can become too reductionistic,seeing patterns where none exist:sometimes a messy room is just a messy room. [br] From the last paragraph we can see that the author’s view is that____.
选项 A、a messy room is just a messy room
B、a messy room is an indication of the obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
C、psychiatrists should pay attention to a messy room
D、psychiatrists should see patterns of seemingly disorganized behaviors,but shouldn’t be too reductionistic
答案 D
解析 作者态度题。解题点在文章最后一段。文章提到“understanding a cluster of diagnostic symptoms can be a revelation”，可知理解一些症状有利于诊断疾病；以及“we can become too reductionistic．seeing patterns where none exist”，可知不能无中生有，过多发挥，过犹不及。D选项的意思是，精神病专家应该能透过行为紊乱的现象看到本质，但是不能太过。
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