首页
登录
职称英语
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in
游客
2025-04-26
7
管理
问题
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the author’s names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.
No longer. The Internet and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it--is making access to scientific results a reality. The organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.
The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $ 7 billion and $ 11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2, 000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16, 000 journals.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal rifles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers. [br] With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to ______ .
选项
A、cover the cost of its publication.
B、subscribe to the journal publishing it.
C、allow other online journals to use it freely.
D、complete the peer-review before submission.
答案
A
解析
文章最后一段有一句,“There is open-access publishing,typically supported by asking the author (or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published.”由此可知,论文的作者也要为引用自己的文章而付费,因此这也要计入成本之中的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4054922.html
相关试题推荐
Itusedtobesostraightforward.Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherin
Itusedtobesostraightforward.Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherin
Researchershavestudiedthepoorasindividuals,asfamiliesandhouseholds
Researchershavestudiedthepoorasindividuals,asfamiliesandhouseholds
AndresearcherssaythatlikethoseliteraryromanticsRomeoandJuliet,they
AndresearcherssaythatlikethoseliteraryromanticsRomeoandJuliet,they
AndresearcherssaythatlikethoseliteraryromanticsRomeoandJuliet,they
AndresearcherssaythatlikethoseliteraryromanticsRomeoandJuliet,they
KevinRogersusedtobemyboss.Atthattimehewasahardworking,up-and-
KevinRogersusedtobemyboss.Atthattimehewasahardworking,up-and-
随机试题
Theoceanbottom--aregionnearly2.5timesgreaterthanthetotallandarea
宋朝某时期从8名候选人中选拔一名御前带刀侍卫。让8名候选人F、G、H、J、K、L
甲与乙共同出资购买房屋一套,约定各占50%的份额。该房屋属于( )A.甲单独所
根据增值税的有关规定,不能认定为增值税一般纳税人的有()。A.个体经营以外的其
在面向对象程序设计语言中__( )__是利用可重用成分来构造软件系统的最有效特性
“音乐欣赏课中,陈老师介绍作曲家生平,描述音乐标题、歌词意义,并引导学生为音乐加
共用题干 TheMostWonderfulIslandsThePalm
历史学家有责任把人物的原貌和事件的真相尽可能准确、完整地向读者讲清楚。说“尽可能
推销人员的最基本职责是()。A.提供服务 B.推销产品 C.开拓市场 D
下列导致桥头跳车的主要影响因素是()。A.桥台基坑采用了合适的小型压实机械
最新回复
(
0
)