首页
登录
职称英语
Traditionally, the study of history has had fixed boundaries and focal points
Traditionally, the study of history has had fixed boundaries and focal points
游客
2025-04-25
15
管理
问题
Traditionally, the study of history has had fixed boundaries and focal points—perious, countries, dramatic events, and great leaders. It has also had clear and firm notions of scholarly procedure: how one inquires into a historical problem, how one presents and documents one’s findings, what constitutes admissible and adequate proof.
Anyone who has followed recent historical literature, can testify to the revolution that is taking place in historical studies. The currently fashionable subjetcs come directly from the sociology catalog: childhood, work, leisure. The new subjects are accompanied by new methods. Where history once was primarily narrative, it is now entirely analytic. The old questions "What happened?" and "How did it happen?" have given way to the question "Why did it happen?" Prominent among the methods used to answer the question "Why" is psychoanalysis, and its use has given rise to psychohistory.
Psychohistory does not merely use psychological explanations in historical context. Historians have always used such explanations when they were appropriate and when there was sufficient evidence for them. But this practical use of psychology is not what psychohistorians intend. They are committed not just to psychology in general, but to Frendian psychoanalysis. This commitment precludes a commitment history as historians have always understood it. Psychohistory derives its "facts" not from history, the detailed records of events and their consequences, but from psychoanalysis of the individuals who made history, and deduces its theories not from this or that instance in their lives, but from a view of human nature that transcends history. It denies the basic criterion of historical evidence that evidence be publicly accessible to, and therefore assessable by, all historians. And it violates the basic tenet of historical method: that historians be alert to the negative instances that would refute their rightness of their theses. Psychohisotrians, convinced of the absolute rightness of their own theories, are also convinced that theirs is the "deepest" explanation of any event, that other explanations fall short of the truth.
Psychohistory is not content to violate the discipline of history (in the sense of the proper mode of studying and writing about the past); ii also violates the past itself. It denies to the past an integrity and will of its own, in which people acted out of a variety of motives and in which events had a multiplicity of causes and effects. It imposes upon the past the same determinism that it imposes upon the present, thus robbing people and events of their individuality and of their complexity, Instead of respecting the particularity of the past, it assimilates all events, past and present, into a single deterministic schema that is presumed to be true at all times and in all circum stances. [br] It can be inferred from the passage that the methods used by psyehohistorians probably prevent them from ______.
选项
A、producing a one-sided picture of an individual’s personality and motivation
B、uncovering alternative explanations that might cause them to question their own conclusions
C、offering a consistent interpretation of the impact of personality on historical events
D、recognizing connections between a government’s political actions and the aspirations of government leaders
答案
B
解析
从第2段“And it violates... historians be alert to the negative instances:that would refute their rightness of their theses”和“Psychohisotrians,convinced of the absolute rightness of their own theories,are also convinced that...”可知心理历史学家所运用的这种方法会让他们认为自己绝对正确,而没能找到可以得出此结论的其他的合理解释。所以选项B正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4053213.html
相关试题推荐
Iwanttotalkaboutallthesepointsin______orderofimportance.A、decliningB、
Traditionally,thestudyofhistoryhashadfixedboundariesandfocalpoints
Traditionally,thestudyofhistoryhashadfixedboundariesandfocalpoints
"Sloganeering"didnotoriginateinthe1960s.Thetermhasarichhistory.
"Sloganeering"didnotoriginateinthe1960s.Thetermhasarichhistory.
Throughoutthehistoryoflife,speciesoflivingcreatureshavemadeuseof
Throughoutthehistoryoflife,speciesoflivingcreatureshavemadeuseof
Somecrossingpointswillbeestablished,enablingvehiclestogetacrossthero
Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeopl
Someonehassaidthataman’shistorybeginsaboutonehundredandfiftyyears
随机试题
[originaltext]Inpreparingabook,Iaskedseveralsuccessfulexecutivesto
ThebasicflagoftheUnitedStatesisoneoftheworld’soldestnationalf
“一切以条件、地点和时间为转移”。
主债权转让时,关于最高额土地抵押权的转让,下列说法错误的是( )。A.随之转让
根据《营业性演出管理条例实施细则》规定,文艺表演团体和演出经纪机构的营业性演出许
1.事故经过 自来水改扩建工程是政府投资工程,属公益事业建设项目,该项目在原水
以下对大肠癌术后结肠造口患者的护理措施中,正确的是A.术后7~10天切忌灌肠,以
哪项不属于佝偻病激期骨骼改变的是A.颅骨软化 B.鸡胸 C.前囟迟闭 D.
站用交流不间断电源系统运行中不得随意触动UPS装置控制面板开、关机及其他按键。
2020年我国货物进出口总额321557亿元,对“一带一路”沿线国家进出口总额9
最新回复
(
0
)