首页
登录
职称英语
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in
游客
2025-04-24
65
管理
问题
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the author’s names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received,the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher,and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.
No longer. The Internet-and pressure from funding agencies,who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it-is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report,by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD,makes heavy reading for publishers who have,so far,made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now,been a key element of scientific endeavor.
The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends,in part,upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America,the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $ 7 billion and $ 11 billion. The International Association of Scientific,Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16,000 journals.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report,some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing,typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published. Finally,there are open-access archives,where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three,such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months,before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers. [br] With the open-access publishing model,the author of a paper is required to_____.
选项
A、cover the cost of its publication
B、subscribe to the journal publishing it
C、allow other online journals to use it freely
D、complete the peer-review before submission
答案
A
解析
文章最后一段有一句,“There is open--access publishing,typically supposed by asking the author(or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published.”由此可知,论文的作者也要为引用自己的文章而付费,因此这也要计人成本之中的。故正确答案为A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4052298.html
相关试题推荐
Thecarwasingoodworking________whenIboughtitafewmonthsago.A、orderB、f
Everypersononthesalesteamis______becausetheyworktogetherwell.A、incompa
Itusedtobesostraightforward.Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherin
Itusedtobesostraightforward.Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherin
Someworkersfindithardto______themselvestothenewworkingconditions.A、s
Whatdoconsumersreallywant?That’saquestionmarketresearcherswouldlov
Anumberofresearchershaveexaminedthevariables/strategiesthataffects
Anumberofresearchershaveexaminedthevariables/strategiesthataffects
Anumberofresearchershaveexaminedthevariables/strategiesthataffects
Anumberofresearchershaveexaminedthevariables/strategiesthataffects
随机试题
Oceanographyhasbeendefinedtheapplicationofall【S1】____
Thesecondmajorcauseofdeathrelatedtoexcessivealcoholuseis______.[br]
Polarbearshuntsealsfromseaice,butcoulddrownifforcedtoswimlong
如图所示的结构,CF杆的轴力为( )。 A、2P(拉) B、P/3(
抗恶性肿瘤药物白消安的临床最佳适应症是:A.急性淋巴细胞性白血病 B.急性粒细
患者女,28岁。以"右下腹至全腹剧痛10小时"为主诉入院。患者入院前一天参加宴会
绩效棱镜包括相互关联的几个方面因素是( )。A.利益相关者的满意一主要的利益相
膀胱结石的典型特点是A.血尿伴腰部绞痛 B.夜尿增多,排尿困难进行性加重 C
根据有限责任公司的股东会议事规则,修改公司章程必须经代表(?)以上表决权的股东通
根据《生产安全事故报告和调查处理条例》规定,直接经济损失在5000万元以上1亿元
最新回复
(
0
)