首页
登录
职称英语
Cancer has always been with us, but not always in the same way. Its care and
Cancer has always been with us, but not always in the same way. Its care and
游客
2025-04-19
20
管理
问题
Cancer has always been with us, but not always in the same way. Its care and management have differed over time, of course, but so, too, have its identity, visibility, and meanings. Pick up the thread of history at its most distant end and you have cancer the crab—so named either because of the ramifying venous processes spreading out from a tumor or because its pain is like the pinch of a crab’s claw. Premodern cancer is a lump, a swelling that sometimes breaks through the skin in ulcerations producing foul-smelling discharges. The ancient Egyptians knew about many tumors that had a bad outcome, and the Greeks made a distinction between benign tumors(oncos)and malignant ones(carcinos). In the second century A. D. , Galen reckoned that the cause was systemic, an excess of melancholy or black bile, one of the body’s four "humors," brought on by bad diet and environmental circumstances. Ancient medical practitioners sometimes cut tumors out, but the prognosis was known to be grim. Describing tumors of the breast, an Egyptian papyrus from about 1600 B. C. concluded: "There is no treatment. "
The experience of cancer has always been terrible, but, until modern times, its mark on the culture has been light. In the past, fear coagulated around other ways of dying: infectious and epidemic diseases(plague, smallpox, cholera, typhus, typhoid fever); "apoplexies"(what we now call strokes and heart attacks); and, most notably in the nineteenth century, "consumption"(tuberculosis). The agonizing manner of cancer death was dreaded, but that fear was not centrally situated in the public mind—as it now is. This is one reason that the medical historian Roy Porter wrote that cancer is "the modern disease par excellence," and that Mukherjee calls it "the quintessential product of modernity. "
At one time, it was thought that cancer was a "disease of civilization," belonging to much the same causal domain as "neurasthenia" and diabetes, the former a nervous weakness believed to be brought about by the stress of modern life and the latter a condition produced by bad diet and indolence. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, some physicians attributed cancer—notably of the breast and the ovaries—to psychological and behavioral causes. William Buchan’s wildly popular eighteenth-century text "Domestic Medicine" judged that cancers might be caused by "excessive fear, grief, religious melancholy. " In the nineteenth century, reference was repeatedly made to a "cancer personality," and, in some versions, specifically to sexual repression. As Susan Sontag observed, cancer was considered shameful, not to be mentioned, even obscene. Among the Romantics and the Victorians, suffering and dying from tuberculosis might be considered a badge of refinement; cancer death was nothing of the sort. "It seems unimaginable," Sontag wrote, "to aestheticize" cancer. [br] As suggested by the passage, with which of the following statements would the author most likely agree?
选项
A、The care and management of cancer have development over time.
B、The cultural significance of cancer shifts in different times.
C、Cancer’s identity has never changed.
D、Cancer is the price paid for modern life.
答案
A
解析
本题考查推理能力。根据文章第一段第一、二句可知,癌症始终如影随形,但是纠缠的方式却有变化。诊治处理方法当然也随着时代进步有变化,而其存在性质、表现和意义也发生了改变。作者在这两句话中隐藏了自己的观点。所以选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4043938.html
相关试题推荐
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesame
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesame
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungpeoplearenot【C1】______they
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungpeoplearenot【C1】______they
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungpeoplearenot【C1】______they
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungpeoplearenot【C1】______they
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungpeoplearenot【C1】______they
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungpeoplearenot【C1】______they
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungpeoplearenot【C1】______they
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungpeoplearenot【C1】______they
随机试题
Nextfall,whenyouseegeeseheadingsouthforthewinter,flyingalongin
Youngpeopleareincreasinglybecomingawareoftheneedtochangetheireating
患者女性,36岁,脾破裂行脾切除术后1周,低热,腹腔引流管引流80~180ml淡
浅反射不包括()A.直接角膜反射 B.腹壁反射 C.提睾反射 D.跟
下列关于期权交易基本策略的说法,不正确的有( )。 Ⅰ.买进看涨期权所面临的
8个月婴儿,体重6.5kg,身长70cm,腹部皮下脂肪0.5cm,精神不振,爱哭
关于复利计算过程中的各项系数及相关知识的理解,下列说法正确的有( )。A.等额
根据《自然保护区条例》,进入国家级自然保护区核心区域,必须经()有关自然保
A.短时间暴露于强噪声,使听阈上升10~15dB,脱离噪声接触后数分钟内即可恢复
最新回复
(
0
)