2. 职称英语
  3. Many people in industry and the services, who have practical experience of n

Many people in industry and the services, who have practical experience of n

游客2025-04-17  29
问题     Many people in industry and the services, who have practical experience of noise, regard any investigation of this question as a waste of time; they are not prepared even to admit the possibility that noise affects people. On the other hand, those who dislike noise will sometimes use most inadequate evidence to support their pleas for a quieter society. This is a pity, because noise abatement really is a good cause, and it is likely to be discredited if it gets to be associated with bad science.
   What is needed in the case of noise is a study of large numbers of people living under noisy conditions, to discover whether they are mentally ill more often than other people are. Some time ago the United States Navy, for instance, examined a very large number of men working on aircraft carriers; the study was known as Project Anehin. It can be unpleasant to live even several miles from an aerodrome. But neither psychiatric interviews nor objective tests were able to show any effects upon these American sailors. This result merely confirms earlier American and British studies: if there is any effect of noise upon mental health, it must be so small that present methods of psychiatric diagnosis cannot find it. That does not prove that it does not exist.
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答案     很多在工业和服务业领域饱受噪音污染之苦的人们却将对这个问题的调查视为一种徒劳；他们甚至还不愿承认噪音可能对人们造成影响的事实。另一方面，那些讨厌噪音的人们却在运用一些苍白无力的证据来呼吁一个更加安静的社会。这真是一个悲哀，因为噪音控制确实是一个高尚的事业，而且，如果它和坏科学联系起来的话，其名声有可能败坏。
   对噪音问题，需要做的就是研究生活在噪音环境下的多数人，看看他们是否比其他人更容易患上精神疾病。举个例子来说，不久前，美国海军部研究了在航空母舰上服役的一大批人， 该项研究被称为“阿内因计划”。生活在飞机场数英里之外都令人不舒服。但是，精神问题和客观测试都显示不出噪音污染对这些美国海军有什么影响。这项研究结果只是更加证实了美国和英国早期所做的研究：如果噪音对精神健康有什么影响的话，这种影响也非常小——目前的 精神诊断方法还诊断不出。不过，这也并不证明噪音污染的影响不存在。
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