首页
登录
职称英语
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their
游客
2025-04-17
17
管理
问题
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about can’t be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.
The creative shaping process of a technologist’s mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of non-verbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should be the valves placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions, such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculations, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary.
Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed, to entail "hard thinking", nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.
If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided, we can expect to en- counter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations; they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics. [br] In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with ______.
选项
A、identifying the kinds of thinking that are used by technologists
B、stressing the importance of nonverbal thinking in engineering design
C、proposing a new role for nonscientific thinking in the development of technology
D、criticizing engineering schools for emphasizing science in engineering curricula
答案
B
解析
主旨题。全文主要讲述了在工程设计中非语言思考的重要性。A、C、D均不能概括本文意思。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4041019.html
相关试题推荐
Thenewlydevelopedscienceofartificialintelligenceaimsatprogrammingthec
Inordertothinkaboutthepossibilityofascienceofvirtues,wemust,of
HereceivedtheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciences’1983CrafoordPrize,establis
Ifitwereonlynecessarytodecidewhethertoteachelementarysciencetoe
Ifitwereonlynecessarytodecidewhethertoteachelementarysciencetoe
Ifitwereonlynecessarytodecidewhethertoteachelementarysciencetoe
Ifitwereonlynecessarytodecidewhethertoteachelementarysciencetoe
Ifitwereonlynecessarytodecidewhethertoteachelementarysciencetoe
Ifitwereonlynecessarytodecidewhethertoteachelementarysciencetoe
Ifitwereonlynecessarytodecidewhethertoteachelementarysciencetoe
随机试题
Fromtheinventionofthefirststonetoolstotoday’scomplexcomputers,ma
[originaltext]W:IsLeeroneofyourformerclassmates?M:No,hewasalreadyase
设f(0)=0,则f(x)在x=0可导的充要条件为( )。
异步电动机三相绕组通带接成△或Y不接地型,异步电动机的零序电抗()。
13岁的小月父母离异后与母亲一起生活。最近,她结交了一些不良少年,经常夜晚外出,
深圳证券交易所上市公司现金红利的派发规则与上海证券交易所完全一样。()
认识领悟疗法的创始人是()。A.艾利斯 B.钟友彬 C.许又新 D
关于涎瘘的说法错误的是A.通常发生在腮腺 B.常由手术、外伤引起 C.可分为
银行承兑汇票的承兑银行,应当按照票面金额向出票人收取()的手续费。A:千分之一
关于支气管哮喘的药物治疗,不正确的是( )。A.规律联合使用吸入糖皮质激素+长
最新回复
(
0
)